| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
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| Other Sizes |
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| ln Vitro |
Levamisole hydrochloride causes neutropenia and agranulocytosis by preventing the formation of white blood cells. Numerous difficulties have been observed in cocaine users due to the growing use of levamisole hydrochloride as an adulterant [1] [2]. Levamisole hydrochloride inhibits most isoforms of alkaline phosphatase, including destructive and placental isoforms, reversibly and non-competitively (e.g., human fetus, kidney, and spleen) [3]. Thus, in biomedical experiments involving detection signal amplification that disrupts phosphatases, like in situ hybridization or Western blotting methods, it is supplied along with substrate to lower background phosphatase activity. C is mounted using it. elegans onto imaging-ready glass slides.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation Levamisole is no longer marketed for human use in the United States because can cause agranulocytosis, but it is used as an anthelmintic in other countries. No published information is available about its excretion into breastmilk. Some information indicates that maternal use may be acceptable during breastfeeding. However, because there is little published experience with levamisole during breastfeeding, an alternate drug may be preferred, especially while nursing a newborn or preterm infant. The World Health Organization recommends against breastfeeding with maternal levamisole therapy. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants A cohort of 33 infants who were breastfed (extent not stated) by hospitalized mothers taking nifurtimox was followed in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Thirty mothers took a full course of 30 doses of oral nifurtimox 15 mg/kg daily and all received 14 doses of intravenous eflornithine 400 mg/kg daily for 7 days for human African trypanosomiasis. (sleeping sickness). Six nursing mothers also took levamisole. No serious adverse events were reported in any of the breastfed infants. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Levamisole hydrochloride is an organic molecular entity.
Levamisole Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of the synthetic imidazothiazole derivative levamisole with anthelminthic and immunomodulating activities. In immunosuppressed states, levamisole may restore immune function by: 1) stimulating antibody formation, 2) stimulating T-cell activation and proliferation, 3) potentiating monocyte and macrophage phagocytosis and chemotaxis and 4) increasing neutrophil mobility, adherence, and chemotaxis. An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6) See also: Levamisole (has active moiety); Doramectin; levamisole hydrochloride (component of) ... View More ... Drug Indication Treatment of glomerulonephritis and nephrotic syndrome |
| Molecular Formula |
C11H13CLN2S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
240.7523
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| Exact Mass |
240.048
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| CAS # |
16595-80-5
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| Related CAS # |
Levamisole-d5 hydrochloride;1246819-64-6;Levamisole;14769-73-4
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| PubChem CID |
27944
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
344.4ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
226-231ºC
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| Flash Point |
162.1ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
-126 ° (C=1， H2O)
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| LogP |
2.321
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
15
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| Complexity |
246
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
C1CSC2=N[C@H](CN21)C3=CC=CC=C3.Cl
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| InChi Key |
LAZPBGZRMVRFKY-HNCPQSOCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H12N2S.ClH/c1-2-4-9(5-3-1)10-8-13-6-7-14-11(13)12-10;/h1-5,10H,6-8H2;1H/t10-;/m1./s1
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| Chemical Name |
(6S)-6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole;hydrochloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~207.68 mM)
DMSO : ~15.5 mg/mL (~64.38 mM) Ethanol : ~12.5 mg/mL (~51.92 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (5.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (5.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear EtOH stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (5.19 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% EtOH + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (415.37 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1537 mL | 20.7684 mL | 41.5369 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8307 mL | 4.1537 mL | 8.3074 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4154 mL | 2.0768 mL | 4.1537 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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