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| Other Sizes |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
In rat liver extracts treated with leucomalachite green (LMG), protonated LMG, protonated demethylated derivatives, and molecular ions of malachite green N-oxide and demethylated N-oxide derivatives were mainly detected. In addition, small but measurable amounts of malachite green were also detected. The levels of LMG and its metabolites increased with increasing dose in both rat and mouse liver extracts. …The ability of human, rat, mouse, and rhesus monkey gut bacteria, as well as 14 pure cultures of anaerobic bacteria representing the human gastrointestinal flora, to reduce malachite green (MG) to leucomalachite green (LMG) was investigated. Bacterial cultures were incubated with 300 μg MG in 5 mL of brain and heart infusion broth under anaerobic conditions for 24–48 hours. Almost all of the malachite green (MG) was converted to its derivative—leucomalachite green (LMG)—by the gut microbiota. Pure cultures of bacteria can convert 7.3% to 99.3% of malachite green into leucolamine green. These results indicate that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the conversion of malachite green to leucolamine green. Gut microbiota from fecal samples of humans, rats, mice, and monkeys, as well as pure cultures of 14 anaerobic bacteria representing the human gut microbiota, can all metabolize the triphenylmethane dye malachite green into leucolamine green. The reduction of malachite green to its leucolamine derivative suggests that the gut microbiota may play an important role in the metabolic activation of triphenylmethane dyes into potential carcinogens. Malachite green (MG) is still illegally used as a bactericide in aquaculture. In fish, it is absorbed and metabolized into its main reducing metabolite—colorless malachite green (LMG). The latter is the main residue found in fish tissues and can persist for months. The half-life of LMG in trout muscle can be up to 40 days. |
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Malachite green is potentially carcinogenic under California labor law. Malachite green is a benzene-based aromatic compound.
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| Molecular Formula |
C23H26N2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
220.48
|
| Exact Mass |
330.209
|
| CAS # |
129-73-7
|
| Related CAS # |
Leucomalachite green-d5;947601-82-3;Leucomalachite green-d6;1173021-13-0
|
| PubChem CID |
67215
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
475.4±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
100-102 °C
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| Flash Point |
214.6±16.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.621
|
| LogP |
5.91
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
25
|
| Complexity |
342
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
WZKXBGJNNCGHIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C23H26N2/c1-24(2)21-14-10-19(11-15-21)23(18-8-6-5-7-9-18)20-12-16-22(17-13-20)25(3)4/h5-17,23H,1-4H3
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| Chemical Name |
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-phenylmethyl]-N,N-dimethylaniline
|
| Synonyms |
NSC-36379; NSC 36379; Leucomalachite green
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~302.60 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.56 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.5356 mL | 22.6778 mL | 45.3556 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.9071 mL | 4.5356 mL | 9.0711 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4536 mL | 2.2678 mL | 4.5356 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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