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| Targets |
L-Perillaldehyde does not have a well-defined single therapeutic target but exhibits multiple biological activities. It has antimicrobial and nematocidal activities. The compound is a terpene and volatile compound found in plants. It reduces the total air microbial count when sprayed. L-Perillaldehyde has been studied for its potential as a natural antimicrobial agent. It is also used as a flavoring agent due to its characteristic aroma.
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| ln Vitro |
L-Perillaldehyde exhibits antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms. It has nematocidal activity. The compound reduces the total air microbial count by 53% when sprayed at a concentration of 5 mg/m3. It induces 97% mortality in C. elegans at 250 μg/ml. L-Perillaldehyde is the key volatile flavor compound of orange juice and mandarin peel oil. It is a monoterpene aldehyde found in Perilla frutescens.
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| ln Vivo |
In pre-depressive model mice, L-Perillaldehyde (0.0965 and 0.965 mg/animal/day, 9 times, inhalation) can lessen the paralysis reaction during swimming [1].
In vivo, L-perillaldehyde has been shown to reduce the total air microbial count when sprayed. It has been studied for its antimicrobial activity in various settings. The compound has also been evaluated for its nematocidal activity. Specific dosing regimens and efficacy data would be determined from preclinical studies. The compound is primarily studied for its potential as a natural antimicrobial and flavoring agent. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro antimicrobial assays for L-perillaldehyde typically involve testing the compound against various bacterial and fungal pathogens using disc diffusion or broth microdilution methods. The compound is dissolved in appropriate solvents (ethanol or DMSO) and serially diluted in growth media. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is determined by measuring the lowest concentration that inhibits visible growth. Nematocidal activity is assessed by exposing nematodes to varying concentrations of the compound and measuring mortality rates.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for L-perillaldehyde are not typical, as the compound is primarily studied for its antimicrobial and flavoring properties. For antimicrobial activity assessment, bacterial or fungal cells are treated with the compound at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100 μg/mL. Cell viability is assessed by colony counting or optical density measurements. The compound is dissolved in ethanol or DMSO and diluted in culture media.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal/Disease Models: Stress-induced depression-like model mouse [1]. 1]
Doses: 0.0965 and 0.965 mg/mouse/day Route of Administration: Inhalation Experimental Results: diminished immobility in the forced swim test. In vivo animal studies for L-perillaldehyde are not extensively documented. The compound has been studied for its antimicrobial activity in various settings. It has been shown to reduce air microbial counts when sprayed. However, specific protocols for in vivo studies are not well-established in the public domain. The compound is primarily used as a flavoring agent and for research on natural antimicrobials. |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
L-Perillaldehyde has a molecular weight of 150.22 g/mol and formula C10H14O. The compound is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a characteristic aroma. It has a density of 0.953-0.965 and a boiling point of 104-105°C at 1.333×103 Pa. Detailed PK parameters such as half-life, Cmax, AUC, and bioavailability would require experimental determination. The compound is soluble in organic solvents.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for L-perillaldehyde are limited. As a naturally occurring compound found in foods and herbs, it is generally considered to have low toxicity. The compound is intended for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling. Standard toxicity assessments would include acute toxicity, genotoxicity, and repeated-dose toxicity studies.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
(-)-Perillaldehyde has been reported in perilla (Perilla frutescens), perilla frutescens var. crispa, and other organisms with available data. See also: Paeonia lactiflora root (part).
L-Perillaldehyde (CAS 18031-40-8) is a monoterpene aldehyde found in Perilla frutescens and Japanese shisho leaves. It has a molecular weight of 150.22 g/mol and formula C10H14O. The compound is the key volatile flavor compound of orange juice and mandarin peel oil. It has antimicrobial and nematocidal activities. L-Perillaldehyde is also known as (S)-(-)-perillaldehyde. The compound is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C10H14O
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| Molecular Weight |
150.22
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| Exact Mass |
150.104
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| CAS # |
18031-40-8
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| PubChem CID |
2724159
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
238.0±29.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
95.6±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.543
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| LogP |
2.68
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
11
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| Complexity |
201
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O=C([H])C1=C([H])C([H])([H])[C@@]([H])(C(=C([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
RUMOYJJNUMEFDD-SNVBAGLBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C10H14O/c1-8(2)10-5-3-9(7-11)4-6-10/h3,7,10H,1,4-6H2,2H3/t10-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4S)-4-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohexene-1-carbaldehyde
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| Synonyms |
(S)-(-)-Perillaldehyde (S)-PerillaldehydeLPerillaldehyde()PerillaldehydePerillaldehyde)
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~665.69 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (16.64 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.6569 mL | 33.2845 mL | 66.5690 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3314 mL | 6.6569 mL | 13.3138 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6657 mL | 3.3285 mL | 6.6569 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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