| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 50mg |
|
| Targets |
L-Homocysteine targets cathepsin V, a cysteine protease that mediates vascular endothelial inflammation in hyperhomocysteinemia. It also promotes the expression of 5-LOX and COX-2, exacerbating intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a metabolite, it is involved in various pathological conditions, including atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
L-Homocysteine exhibits in vitro activity as a mediator of inflammation. It induces upregulation of cathepsin V and promotes the expression of 5-LOX and COX-2. Its effects on endothelial cells and vascular inflammation can be studied in vitro. It is used as a reference standard for measuring homocysteine levels.
|
| ln Vivo |
By using homocysteine, an animal model of vascular endothelial inflammation can be created.
In vivo, L-homocysteine is used to create animal models of vascular endothelial inflammation. Elevated levels of homocysteine are associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. It can exacerbate intestinal inflammation in IBD. It is a marker for atherosclerosis. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for L-homocysteine are primarily analytical. The compound is measured in plasma and other biological samples using HPLC or LC-MS. Its effects on endothelial cells can be studied in cell culture models, where it induces upregulation of cathepsin V and inflammatory markers.
|
| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for L-homocysteine are conducted in endothelial cells and other cell types. Cells are treated with the compound, and cathepsin V expression, inflammatory cytokine production, and oxidative stress markers are measured. These assays characterize the compound's role in vascular inflammation.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with L-homocysteine are conducted to create models of hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular endothelial inflammation. Animals are administered L-homocysteine, and vascular inflammation, endothelial function, and atherosclerosis are assessed. These models are used to study the pathophysiology of hyperhomocysteinemia and to test potential therapeutic interventions.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for L-homocysteine are related to its role as a metabolite. It is derived from methionine metabolism and is present in plasma. Its levels are influenced by diet, genetics, and renal function. The compound is typically stored at room temperature.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
L-Homocysteine is a marker for atherosclerosis and is associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Elevated levels are a risk factor for vascular disease. The compound is not used as a therapeutic agent. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
L-homocysteine is a homocysteine compound with an L-configuration. It is a metabolite in mice. It is an amino acid belonging to the homocysteine and serine families. It is the conjugated acid of L-homocysteine. It is a zwitterion tautomer of L-homocysteine. Homocysteine is a thiol-containing amino acid formed by the demethylation of methionine. L-homocysteine is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (K12 strain, MG1655 strain). L-homocysteine has been reported to exist in Homo sapiens and Caenorhabditis elegans, with supporting data. Homocysteine is an amino acid derivative, a homologue of cysteine, containing an additional methylene bridge. Homocysteine is a product of methionine metabolism; elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and various metabolic disorders. Homocysteine is a thiol-containing amino acid formed by the demethylation of methionine.
L-Homocysteine is an amino acid and a marker for atherosclerosis. It is an essential intermediate in methionine metabolism. It induces upregulation of cathepsin V, mediating vascular endothelial inflammation, and promotes 5-LOX and COX-2 expression in IBD. It is used to create animal models of vascular inflammation. |
| Molecular Formula |
C₄H₉NO₂S
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
135.18
|
| Exact Mass |
135.035
|
| CAS # |
6027-13-0
|
| PubChem CID |
91552
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
299.7±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
231 °C
|
| Flash Point |
135.0±25.9 °C
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.3 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.538
|
| LogP |
0.22
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
8
|
| Complexity |
86.1
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
C(CS)[C@@H](C(=O)O)N
|
| InChi Key |
FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C4H9NO2S/c5-3(1-2-8)4(6)7/h3,8H,1-2,5H2,(H,6,7)/t3-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-4-sulfanylbutanoic acid
|
| Synonyms |
LHomocysteine; L Homocysteine
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~25 mg/mL (~184.94 mM)
DMSO : ~1 mg/mL (~7.40 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 50 mg/mL (369.88 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication (<60°C).
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.3975 mL | 36.9877 mL | 73.9754 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4795 mL | 7.3975 mL | 14.7951 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7398 mL | 3.6988 mL | 7.3975 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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