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KLH45

Alias: KLH45; KLH-45; KLH 45;
Cat No.:V8729 Purity: ≥98%
KLH45 is a potent and specific DDHD2 inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 1.3 nM.
KLH45
KLH45 Chemical Structure CAS No.: 1632236-44-2
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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Product Description
KLH45 is a potent and specific DDHD2 inhibitor (antagonist) with IC50 of 1.3 nM.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
KLH45 (25 nM, 4 hr) has no cross-reactivity with any of the over 40 identified serine hydrolases, with the exception of ABHD6, and completely inactivates DDHD2 in Neuro2A cells (>95% inhibition)[1]. In DDHD2-expressing cells supplemented with fatty acids, KLH45 (2 μM) enhances LD formation [2].
ln Vivo
KLH45 (20 mg/kg; given every 12 hours) caused notable increases in a number of TAGs that accumulated over the course of four days in the brains of DDHD2−/− mice [1].
Cell Assay
Cell viability assay [2]
Cell Types: COS-7 cells.
Tested Concentrations: 2μM.
Incubation Duration: 16 hrs (hours).
Experimental Results: Selective blocking of DDHD2 activity.
Animal Protocol
Animal/Disease Models: Mouse[1].
Doses: 5-40 mg/kg. Management: IP, once.
Experimental Results: No altered brain signatures were shown.
References

[1]. The hereditary spastic paraplegia-related enzyme DDHD2 is a principal brain triglyceride lipase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 14;111(41):14924-9.

[2]. Functional Contribution of the Spastic Paraplegia-Related Triglyceride Hydrolase DDHD2 to the Formation and Content of Lipid Droplets. Biochemistry. 2018 Feb 6;57(5):827-838.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C24H25F3N4O2
Molecular Weight
458.476115942001
Exact Mass
458.192
Elemental Analysis
C, 62.87; H, 5.50; F, 12.43; N, 12.22; O, 6.98
CAS #
1632236-44-2
PubChem CID
126970670
Appearance
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
Density
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
561.0±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point
293.1±32.9 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.591
LogP
5.87
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
7
Rotatable Bond Count
6
Heavy Atom Count
33
Complexity
615
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
N1=CC(C2=CC=C(OC(F)(F)F)C=C2)=NN1C(N(C1CCCCC1)CCC1=CC=CC=C1)=O
InChi Key
FYOYNRLSBYWAHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C24H25F3N4O2/c25-24(26,27)33-21-13-11-19(12-14-21)22-17-28-31(29-22)23(32)30(20-9-5-2-6-10-20)16-15-18-7-3-1-4-8-18/h1,3-4,7-8,11-14,17,20H,2,5-6,9-10,15-16H2
Chemical Name
N-cyclohexyl-N-(2-phenylethyl)-4-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]triazole-2-carboxamide
Synonyms
KLH45; KLH-45; KLH 45;
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : ~180 mg/mL (~392.60 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 4.5 mg/mL (9.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 45.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 4.5 mg/mL (9.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 45.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

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Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 4.5 mg/mL (9.82 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 45.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.


 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.1811 mL 10.9056 mL 21.8112 mL
5 mM 0.4362 mL 2.1811 mL 4.3622 mL
10 mM 0.2181 mL 1.0906 mL 2.1811 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
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Dilution Calculator allows you to calculate how to dilute a stock solution of known concentrations. For example, you may Enter C1, C2 & V2 to calculate V1, as detailed below:

What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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  • The answer of 62.5 μL (0.1 ml) appears in the Volume (Start) box
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Molecular Weight Calculator allows you to calculate the molar mass and elemental composition of a compound, as detailed below:

Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Mice treated subchronically with a selective DDHD2 inhibitor show TAG accumulation in the CNS. (A) Structural modifications to HT-01 yielded a DDHD2-selective inhibitor KLH45 and inactive-control inhibitor KLH40. (B) Targeted LC–MS analysis revealed accumulation of TAGs in brain and spinal cord (spinal) tissues from mice treated subchronically for 4 d with KLH45 versus vehicle or KLH40 (inhibitors were administered at 20 mg⋅kg−1 compound, i.p., every 12 h). (C) Competitive ABPP experiments confirmed the inactivation of DDHD2 in KLH45-treated but not KLH40-treated mice. Both KLH45 and KLH40 partially inhibited ABHD6 and FAAH but showed negligible cross-reactivity with other brain serine hydrolases. Data represent average values ± SEM. n = 4 mice per group. *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001 for KLH45-treated versus vehicle-treated mice.[1].Jordon M Inloes, et al. The hereditary spastic paraplegia-related enzyme DDHD2 is a principal brain triglyceride lipase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 14;111(41):14924-9.
  • DDHD2 exhibits TAG hydrolase activity. (A and B) Soluble lysates from HEK293T cells transiently transfected with a WT–DDHD2 cDNA showed greater C18:1/C18:1/C18:1 TAG hydrolytic activity measured by either a radiolabeled TLC (A) or LC–MS (B) assay compared with lysates from mock-transfected cells, heat-denatured WT–DDHD2-transfected lysates, or cells transfected with an S351A–DDHD2 mutant cDNA. Both assays report formation of C18:1 fatty acid. For measurement of 14C-C18:1 MAG and 14C-C18:1/C18:1 DAG formation in the radiolabeled 14C-TAG substrate assay, see SI Appendix, Fig. S15. In both substrate assays, KLH45 but not KLH40 blocked the TAG hydrolase activity of DDHD2. (C) Soluble brain lysates from DDHD2−/− mice show reduced TAG hydrolysis activity compared with soluble brain lysates from DDHD2+/+ mice measured by a radiolabeled substrate assay following conversion of C18:1/C18:1/C18:1 TAG to C18:1 fatty acid. Heat-denatured DDHD2+/+ brain lysates were assayed as a control and displayed a similar signal to those observed in DDHD2−/− lysates. Data represent average values ± SEM for three experimental replicates per group. ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001 for WT–DDHD2 versus S351A–DDHD2 transfected groups or DDHD2+/+ versus DDHD2−/− groups; ###P < 0.001 for KLH45-treated versus DMSO-treated WT–DDHD2 groups.[1].Jordon M Inloes, et al. The hereditary spastic paraplegia-related enzyme DDHD2 is a principal brain triglyceride lipase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Oct 14;111(41):14924-9.
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