| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of Iron sucrose is the transferrin receptor on erythroid precursor cells and other iron-requiring cells. Following intravenous administration, the iron-sucrose complex dissociates, and iron binds to transferrin, which delivers iron to cells via transferrin receptor-mediated endocytosis. Inside cells, iron is incorporated into hemoglobin and other iron-containing proteins. The compound targets the bone marrow, where erythropoiesis occurs, as well as other tissues requiring iron.
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| ln Vitro |
Hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum iron, ferritin, and percent iron saturation all rise significantly after intravenous iron sucrose injection, whereas total iron binding capacity falls in tandem [1]. According to in vitro survival experiments, 40–80% of exponentially developing colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and HT29) experienced clonal inactivation following a 2-hour exposure to 10 mM ascorbic acid. In comparison to pharmacological ascorbic acid alone, colon cancer cells treated with or without 250 µM sucrose iron showed higher amounts of labile iron after being rinsed and treated with 10 mM ascorbic acid. This led to a considerable increase in clonal cell death. 2]. through the activation of NF-κB signaling and NADPH oxidase (NOx) in human aortic endothelial cells treated with sucrose iron. Within 1 to 3 hours, HAECs produced more intracellular ROS at a concentration of 160 μg/mL due to the considerable time-dependent increase in ROS production, which lessened by 4 hours [3].
In vitro, Iron sucrose is studied for its effects on iron metabolism and erythropoiesis. The compound is tested in cell culture models of erythroid differentiation to assess its ability to support hemoglobin synthesis and red blood cell production. Iron uptake and incorporation into hemoglobin are measured using radioactive or fluorescent iron tracers. These in vitro studies confirm the compound's bioavailability and its role as an iron source for erythropoiesis. |
| ln Vivo |
In subtotal nephrectomized animals, iron sucrose markedly boosted tissue superoxide generation, tissue cell adhesion molecule expression, and endothelium adhesion. In uninephrectomized ApoE-/-mice, iron sucrose exacerbates atherosclerosis in the aorta [3].
In vivo, Iron sucrose is administered intravenously for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. It is particularly used in patients with chronic kidney disease, including those on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Following administration, the complex dissociates, and iron is delivered to the bone marrow for incorporation into hemoglobin. The compound effectively replenishes iron stores and increases hemoglobin levels in patients with iron deficiency. |
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Iron sucrose are conducted using erythroid progenitor cells or other iron-responsive cell lines. Cells are treated with Iron sucrose at concentrations ranging from 0.1-100 µg/ml for 24-72 hours. Iron uptake is measured using radioactive 59Fe or fluorescent iron probes. Hemoglobin synthesis is assessed by measuring hemoglobin content. Transferrin receptor expression is evaluated by flow cytometry or Western blot. Cell viability is assessed using standard assays. Experiments include vehicle controls and positive controls (e.g., ferric citrate).
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Iron sucrose are conducted in animal models of iron deficiency anemia. The compound is administered via intravenous injection at doses ranging from 1-50 mg Fe/kg. Efficacy is assessed by measuring hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum iron levels. Iron incorporation into hemoglobin is measured using radioactive tracers. Tissue iron distribution is evaluated. Each group consists of 6-10 animals with appropriate controls (e.g., iron-deficient untreated animals). Pharmacokinetic studies assess iron clearance and distribution.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Iron sucrose include its rapid dissociation following intravenous administration, with iron binding to transferrin for distribution to target cells. The compound has a half-life of approximately 6 hours in circulation. Iron is cleared from the plasma with a half-life of about 5-6 hours, with the majority being incorporated into hemoglobin or stored in the liver and other tissues. A small fraction is excreted via the kidneys. The pharmacokinetics are influenced by the patient's iron status and renal function.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Iron sucrose indicate that it is generally well-tolerated when used as a therapeutic agent. Common adverse effects include transient hypotension, nausea, vomiting, and headache. Rare but serious adverse effects include hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis. Iron sucrose is contraindicated in patients with iron overload or known hypersensitivity. Comprehensive safety data are available from clinical use.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
A glucuronide-iron conjugate for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia, including in patients with chronic kidney disease when oral iron therapy is ineffective or impractical.
Iron sucrose is an approved therapeutic agent for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. It is a complex of polynuclear iron(III)-hydroxide with sucrose administered intravenously. Following administration, the complex dissociates, and iron binds to transferrin for delivery to erythroid precursor cells for hemoglobin synthesis. The compound is available as a branded medication (e.g., Venofer) and as a generic. It is a member of the iron products drug class. |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H24FE2O24
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
736.06
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| Exact Mass |
735.935
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| CAS # |
8047-67-4
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| PubChem CID |
11377634
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| Appearance |
Brown to black solid powder
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| Boiling Point |
766.4ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
MORE THAN 51ºC
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| Flash Point |
431.2ºC
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
12
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
24
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
9
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| Heavy Atom Count |
44
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| Complexity |
191
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
12
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| SMILES |
[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O.[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O.[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O)([C@H](C(=O)[O-])O)O.[Fe+3].[Fe+3]
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| InChi Key |
ADQSUDSYBZBMFT-GFPJEPEZSA-H
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/3C6H10O8.2Fe/c3*7-1(3(9)5(11)12)2(8)4(10)6(13)14;;/h3*1-4,7-10H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14);;/q;;;2*+3/p-6/t3*1-,2-,3-,4+;;/m000../s1
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| Chemical Name |
iron(3+);(2S,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanedioate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~7.14 mg/mL
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.71 mg/mL (Infinity mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 7.1 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3586 mL | 6.7929 mL | 13.5858 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2717 mL | 1.3586 mL | 2.7172 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1359 mL | 0.6793 mL | 1.3586 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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