| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride targets monoamine oxidase (MAO), an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of monoamine neurotransmitters. By inhibiting MAO, the compound increases the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. This mechanism underlies its potential use in inhibiting platelet aggregation. The compound’s reducing properties also allow it to interact with various biological molecules, including metal ions and proteins. Its mechanism of action as a MAO inhibitor is characteristic of hydroxylamine derivatives.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1 mM) reduction of 99.8% in MAO activity[1].
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride exhibits in vitro activity as a selective MAO inhibitor. It inhibits platelet aggregation, which is a key process in thrombus formation. The compound’s reducing properties contribute to its activity in various chemical and biological assays. It is used as a catalyst and copolymerization inhibitor in industrial applications. Its ability to inhibit MAO has been studied in the context of neurological and cardiovascular research. These in vitro activities confirm its utility as a research tool and industrial chemical. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo activity of hydroxylamine hydrochloride is primarily related to its MAO inhibitory effects. By inhibiting MAO, the compound may affect neurotransmitter levels and platelet function in vivo. However, its use as a therapeutic agent is limited due to its reactivity and potential toxicity. The compound is primarily used as an industrial chemical and research reagent rather than a drug. Its in vivo effects are dose-dependent and related to its ability to inhibit MAO and generate reactive species.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for hydroxylamine hydrochloride involve measuring its inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity. These assays typically use a fluorogenic or radiometric substrate. The enzyme is incubated with the substrate and varying concentrations of the compound. The decrease in substrate conversion is measured to determine the IC50. These assays confirm the compound’s mechanism as a MAO inhibitor. The compound’s reducing properties can also be assessed using standard redox assays.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for hydroxylamine hydrochloride are conducted in platelets or neuronal cells. Platelet aggregation assays measure the ability of the compound to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by agonists such as ADP or collagen. In neuronal cells, MAO activity and neurotransmitter levels are measured. Cytotoxicity is assessed using standard cell viability assays. These assays characterize the compound’s cellular effects and its potential as a research tool for studying MAO function and platelet aggregation.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with hydroxylamine hydrochloride are not extensively documented, as the compound is primarily used as an industrial chemical and research reagent. However, its MAO inhibitory effects could be studied in animal models of neurological or cardiovascular disease. The compound would be administered via injection or oral gavage. Endpoints would include MAO activity, neurotransmitter levels, and platelet function. These studies would help define its in vivo effects and potential applications.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for hydroxylamine hydrochloride are limited. The compound has a molecular weight of 69.49 and is highly soluble in water. It is rapidly absorbed and distributed throughout the body. The compound is metabolized through various pathways, including oxidation and conjugation. Its half-life is short due to rapid metabolism and excretion. The compound is typically stored at room temperature. Further PK studies would be needed if the compound were to be developed as a therapeutic agent.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is considered toxic and should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. It is a skin and respiratory irritant. The compound may cause methemoglobinemia upon ingestion or absorption. Chronic exposure may lead to hematological effects. The compound is not approved for human therapeutic use. Standard laboratory safety precautions, including the use of personal protective equipment, should be followed when handling this compound.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is a colorless or off-white crystalline solid. pH (0.1 mol aqueous solution) 3.4. pH (0.2 mol aqueous solution) 3.2. (NTP, 1992)
Hydroxyamine hydrochloride is an organic molecular entity. It is a colorless inorganic compound (HONH2) that can be used in organic synthesis and as a reducing agent because it can provide nitric oxide. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is the stable hydrochloride salt of hydroxylamine, a potent reducing agent and key intermediate in organic synthesis. It is used as a catalyst, copolymerization inhibitor, and swelling agent. The compound is also a selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor that may be utilized to inhibit platelet aggregation. It is available in high purity (≥95%) for research and industrial applications. The compound is also known as hydroxyamine HCl. Its versatility makes it a valuable tool in both chemical and biological research. |
| Molecular Formula |
CLH4NO
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
69.4909
|
| Exact Mass |
68.998
|
| CAS # |
5470-11-1
|
| Related CAS # |
Hydroxylamine-d3 hydrochloride;15588-23-5
|
| PubChem CID |
443297
|
| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| Density |
1.67 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
|
| Boiling Point |
56.5ºC at 760mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
155-157 °C (dec.)(lit.)
|
| LogP |
0.836
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
3
|
| Complexity |
2
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/ClH.H3NO/c;1-2/h1H;2H,1H2
|
| Chemical Name |
hydroxylamine;hydrochloride
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~1439.06 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (35.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (35.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (35.98 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 14.3906 mL | 71.9528 mL | 143.9056 mL | |
| 5 mM | 2.8781 mL | 14.3906 mL | 28.7811 mL | |
| 10 mM | 1.4391 mL | 7.1953 mL | 14.3906 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
