| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Humanin is a Bax inhibitor. It prevents the translocation of Bax from the cytosol to mitochondria and blocks the conversion of Bax from an inactive to an active conformation. By inhibiting Bax, Humanin exerts its anti-apoptotic effects and protects cells from mitochondrial-mediated cell death.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In wild-type HCT116 cells, humanin (40 nM, rhodamine conjugated; 30 minutes) prevents Bax protein-induced cell death [1]. In wild-type HCT116 cells, humanin (100 μM; 10 minutes) prevents Bax protein-induced cell death [1]. Cellular cysteine produced by STS at 0.2 mM can be inhibited by humanin [1]. In HCT116 cells lacking in Bax, humanin is unable to prevent liver cancer [1].
In vitro, Humanin exhibits anti-apoptotic activity by inhibiting Bax-mediated mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. It prevents cytochrome c release and caspase activation. The peptide shows neuroprotective effects against various insults, including amyloid-beta toxicity, in neuronal cell cultures. |
| ln Vivo |
Peripheral insulin fat associated with Zucker diabetic fat (ZDF) is increased by humanin (0.375 mg/kg/hr; given intravenously) [2].
In vivo, Humanin improves overall insulin sensitivity in animal models. It has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease. The peptide also links to aging processes and has potential therapeutic applications in various diseases. |
| Enzyme Assay |
Receptor binding studies for Humanin typically involve assessing its interaction with Bax or other binding partners. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) or isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) can be used to measure binding affinity. Competition assays with labeled Humanin may also be performed.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Humanin utilize neuronal cell lines or primary neurons to assess neuroprotective effects. Cells are treated with the peptide in the presence of neurotoxic insults such as amyloid-beta, and cell viability is measured. Apoptosis markers such as caspase activation and cytochrome c release are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies with Humanin are conducted in rodent models of Alzheimer's disease or metabolic disorders. The peptide is typically administered via intraperitoneal or intracerebroventricular injection. Cognitive function, insulin sensitivity, and other physiological parameters are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
As a 24-amino acid peptide, Humanin is expected to have a short half-life due to proteolytic degradation. The peptide should be stored as a lyophilized powder at -20degC. Standard peptide handling and storage procedures apply. It is soluble in water and other aqueous buffers.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity data for Humanin are limited. The peptide is generally considered to have low toxicity at pharmacological doses. Standard safety precautions for laboratory handling of peptides should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Humanin is a research-use peptide and is not approved for therapeutic applications. It is a mitochondrial-derived peptide known for its role in cellular protection and stress response. The peptide is used to study apoptosis, neuroprotection, and aging. It is available from multiple research suppliers with various purity grades.
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| Molecular Formula |
C119H204N34O32S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
2687.23166
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| Exact Mass |
2685.48
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| CAS # |
330936-69-1
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| PubChem CID |
16131438
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.43±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
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| LogP |
4.772
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
39
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
39
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
91
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| Heavy Atom Count |
187
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| Complexity |
5860
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
25
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| SMILES |
CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CS)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(=N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H]3CCCN3C(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCSC)N
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| InChi Key |
DPEUWKZJZIPZKE-OFANTOPUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C119H204N34O32S2/c1-19-65(14)92(112(180)144-81(54-90(160)161)104(172)145-82(52-63(10)11)115(183)153-46-29-37-87(153)110(178)149-91(64(12)13)111(179)139-72(32-23-24-41-120)97(165)136-74(35-27-44-130-119(126)127)98(166)135-73(34-26-43-129-118(124)125)96(164)133-67(16)116(184)185)150-99(167)75(38-39-89(158)159)137-106(174)84(57-155)147-113(181)93(68(17)156)151-105(173)79(51-62(8)9)142-101(169)77(49-60(4)5)140-100(168)76(48-59(2)3)141-102(170)78(50-61(6)7)143-108(176)85(58-186)148-107(175)83(56-154)146-103(171)80(53-69-30-21-20-22-31-69)134-88(157)55-131-95(163)71(33-25-42-128-117(122)123)138-109(177)86-36-28-45-152(86)114(182)66(15)132-94(162)70(121)40-47-187-18/h20-22,30-31,59-68,70-87,91-93,154-156,186H,19,23-29,32-58,120-121H2,1-18H3,(H,131,163)(H,132,162)(H,133,164)(H,134,157)(H,135,166)(H,136,165)(H,137,174)(H,138,177)(H,139,179)(H,140,168)(H,141,170)(H,142,169)(H,143,176)(H,144,180)(H,145,172)(H,146,171)(H,147,181)(H,148,175)(H,149,178)(H,150,167)(H,151,173)(H,158,159)(H,160,161)(H,184,185)(H4,122,123,128)(H4,124,125,129)(H4,126,127,130)/t65-,66-,67-,68+,70-,71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76-,77-,78-,79-,80-,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,91-,92-,93-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4S)-5-[[(2S,3S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-5-carbamimidamido-1-[[(2S)-5-carbamimidamido-1-[[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-3-carboxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-4-methylsulfanylbutanoyl]amino]propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]-5-carbamimidamidopentanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~37.21 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 10 mg/mL (3.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 100.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 10 mg/mL (3.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 100.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 10 mg/mL (3.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.3721 mL | 1.8607 mL | 3.7213 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.0744 mL | 0.3721 mL | 0.7443 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0372 mL | 0.1861 mL | 0.3721 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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