| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Harringtonine inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells by targeting the 60S ribosomal subunit. It immobilizes initiated ribosomes by binding to the A site of the 60S ribosomal subunit and preventing aminoacyl-tRNA binding. This inhibits the elongation phase of translation and blocks the formation of the first peptide bond.
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| ln Vitro |
By blocking substrate binding to the acceptor site on the 60-S ribosome subunit, harringtonine inhibits the elongation phase of translation by preventing aminoacyl-tRNA binding and the formation of peptide bonds[1]. With an EC50 of 0.24 μM, harringtonine exhibits strong inhibition of Chikungunya virus infection. Other alphaviruses may be inhibited by harringtonine[2]. At low concentrations, haltrine inhibits the growth of human myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. The breakdown of polysomes into monosomes is thought to be the hallmark of harringtonine's antitumor action mechanism, which is thought to be based on an impact on protein synthesis[3].
In vitro, harringtonine inhibits protein synthesis in cell-free systems and in eukaryotic cells. It induces breakdown of polyribosomes to monosomes and inhibits globin synthesis in reticulocyte lysates. It downregulates production of Mcl-1, increases cleavage of PARP, and inhibits cell growth in APL cells. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, harringtonine has demonstrated antitumor activity and inhibits chikungunya virus infection. It suppresses viral replication, RNA production, and viral protein expression. Its in vivo effects are mediated by its ability to inhibit protein synthesis in target cells.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Non-cellular enzyme assays for harringtonine involve assessing its inhibition of protein synthesis in cell-free translation systems. These systems use ribosomes, mRNA, aminoacyl-tRNA, and other translation factors. The incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids into nascent polypeptides is measured in the presence of varying concentrations of harringtonine.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for harringtonine involve treating cancer cell lines or virus-infected cells with the compound and assessing protein synthesis, cell viability, and viral replication. Protein synthesis is measured by the incorporation of [³⁵S]-methionine or [³H]-leucine. Cell viability is measured by MTT assays. Viral RNA and protein levels are measured by qPCR and Western blotting.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with harringtonine are conducted in mouse models of cancer or viral infection. Tumor-bearing mice are treated with harringtonine, and tumor growth inhibition is monitored. In viral infection models, mice are infected with chikungunya virus and treated with harringtonine, and viral load and survival are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Harringtonine has a molecular weight of 531.60 and a molecular formula of C₂₉H₃₇NO₉. It is a solid powder with a purity of ≥98%. The compound is soluble in DMSO and is typically stored at -20°C, protected from light and moisture. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters are best characterized in specific preclinical studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Harringtonine is a research compound for laboratory use only and is not approved for human therapeutic use. In preclinical studies, it has been generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound. It may cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Harringtonine is an alkaloid. It has been reported to exist in yew (Cephalotaxus fortunei), honeybee (Apis cerana), and harrington bean (Cephalotaxus harringtonia), and relevant data are available for reference.
Harringtonine (CAS 26833-85-2) is a Cephalotaxus alkaloid that inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 60S ribosomal subunit A site. It has antitumor and antiviral activities and is a valuable research tool for studying translation. It is structurally related to homoharringtonine, an approved drug for leukemia. |
| Molecular Formula |
C28H37NO9
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| Molecular Weight |
531.5947
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| Exact Mass |
531.246
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 63.26; H, 7.02; N, 2.63; O, 27.09
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| CAS # |
26833-85-2
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| PubChem CID |
276389
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
679.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
73-75ºC
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| Flash Point |
364.7±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.610
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| LogP |
2.58
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
10
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
38
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| Complexity |
953
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
O(C([C@@](C([H])([H])C(=O)OC([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])O[H])O[H])=O)[C@]1([H])C(=C([H])[C@]23C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])N2C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C2=C([H])C4=C(C([H])=C2[C@]31[H])OC([H])([H])O4)OC([H])([H])[H]
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| InChi Key |
HAVJATCHLFRDHY-KSZYUSJVSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C28H37NO9/c1-26(2,32)8-9-28(33,15-22(30)35-4)25(31)38-24-21(34-3)14-27-7-5-10-29(27)11-6-17-12-19-20(37-16-36-19)13-18(17)23(24)27/h12-14,23-24,32-33H,5-11,15-16H2,1-4H3/t23-,24-,27+,28-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
1-((1S,3aR,14bS)-2-methoxy-1,5,6,8,9,14b-hexahydro-4H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5'
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| Synonyms |
2'R-Harringtonine; Harringtonine; Alkaloid C from cephalotaxus; NSC 124147; NSC-124147; NSC124147.
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL ( ~188.11 mM )
Ethanol : ~100 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.70 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween-80+45% Saline: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.70 mM) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8811 mL | 9.4057 mL | 18.8115 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3762 mL | 1.8811 mL | 3.7623 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1881 mL | 0.9406 mL | 1.8811 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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