| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Multiple targets including monoamine oxidase (MAO), benzodiazepine receptors, and various neurotransmitter systems. Harman interacts with multiple CNS targets contributing to its diverse pharmacological effects.
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| ln Vitro |
Harman exhibits multiple in vitro activities including MAO inhibition, benzodiazepine receptor binding, antioxidant activity, and antiplatelet effects. It shows sedative, antidepressant, and analgesic properties in various assay systems. The compound also demonstrates antiparasitic activity against various pathogens. Specific IC50 values vary depending on the target and assay system.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Harman exhibits sedative, antidepressant, analgesic, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antiparasitic effects in animal models. It shows antioxidant and antiplatelet activities. Specific dosing regimens and detailed efficacy data are available in the pharmacological literature. The compound has diverse in vivo effects due to its interaction with multiple biological targets.
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| Enzyme Assay |
MAO inhibition is assessed using in vitro enzyme assays with recombinant MAO-A or MAO-B and a substrate such as kynuramine. Benzodiazepine receptor binding is measured using radioligand binding assays with [3H]flunitrazepam. Antioxidant activity is evaluated using DPPH or ABTS radical scavenging assays.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular activity is evaluated in various cell lines depending on the effect being studied. Neuroprotective effects are assessed in neuronal cell cultures subjected to oxidative stress. Antiplatelet activity is measured in platelet aggregation assays. Antiparasitic activity is evaluated in parasite culture models. Cells are treated with Harman at various concentrations and relevant endpoints are measured.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy is studied in rodent models of depression (forced swim test, tail suspension test), pain (hot plate, tail flick), hypertension (spontaneously hypertensive rats), and diabetes (streptozotocin-induced). Harman is administered orally or intraperitoneally. Behavioral, physiological, and biochemical parameters are measured.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Harman has a molecular formula of C12H10N2 and molecular weight of 182.2. It is a heterocyclic amine with a melting point of 235-239°C. Purity is typically ≥98%. The compound is a naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloid. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters are available in the literature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Safety data for Harman indicate it is a naturally occurring compound with a well-established safety profile at low doses. At higher doses, β-carbolines may have neuroactive effects. The compound should be handled with standard laboratory safety precautions. It is a research compound not approved for therapeutic use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Harman is an indole alkaloid with a basic parent structure of 9H-β-carbaline and a methyl substituent at the C-1 position. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocos racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi, and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific and reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A. It has anti-HIV drug, plant metabolite, and EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitory effects. It is an indole alkaloid, an indole alkaloid parent structure, and a Peganum harmala alkaloid. Harman has been reported to exist in Polygala tenuifolia, Streptomyces nigra, and other organisms with relevant data.
Harman is a naturally occurring β-carboline alkaloid found in various foods and beverages. It has been studied for its diverse pharmacological activities including neuroprotective, antidepressant, and antidiabetic effects. The compound is used as a research tool for studying the biology of β-carbolines and their potential therapeutic applications. It is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C12H10N2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
182.22
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| Exact Mass |
182.084
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| CAS # |
486-84-0
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| Related CAS # |
Harmane-d;Harmane-d2
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| PubChem CID |
5281404
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
386.9±22.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
237 - 238 °C
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| Flash Point |
176.2±13.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.8 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.750
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| LogP |
3.26
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
1
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
14
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| Complexity |
216
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CC1=NC=CC2=C1NC3=CC=CC=C23
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| InChi Key |
PSFDQSOCUJVVGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H10N2/c1-8-12-10(6-7-13-8)9-4-2-3-5-11(9)14-12/h2-7,14H,1H3
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| Chemical Name |
1-methyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole
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| Synonyms |
NSC 54439; Locuturin; Harman
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~548.79 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (13.72 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.4879 mL | 27.4394 mL | 54.8787 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0976 mL | 5.4879 mL | 10.9757 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5488 mL | 2.7439 mL | 5.4879 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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