| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
H-L-Photo-lysine does not have a specific biological target. It is a tool for studying protein-protein interactions. It contains a diazirine moiety that, upon UV irradiation, generates a reactive carbene that can form covalent bonds with nearby proteins. It can be incorporated into proteins via a modified aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
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| ln Vitro |
Proteins that detect lysine post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as "readers" and "erasers" of histone modifications, can be detected and identified using photolysine, which is easily integrated into proteins by the natural translation machinery of mammals [2].
In vitro, H-L-Photo-lysine is used to cross-link protein-protein interactions. It has been incorporated into the RNA-binding protein iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) and used in the study of RNA-protein interactions in vitro. Its photo-crosslinking activity is triggered by UV light activation. The compound's utility is demonstrated by its ability to capture transient or weak protein interactions. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, H-L-Photo-lysine can be used to cross-link protein-protein interactions in living cells. It can be site-selectively incorporated into proteins in bacteria or mammalian cells. Upon UV irradiation, it forms covalent crosslinks with interacting proteins, allowing the identification and characterization of protein interaction networks in their native cellular context.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro crosslinking assays for H-L-Photo-lysine involve the incorporation of the unnatural amino acid into a protein of interest. The protein is expressed in a cell-free system or in cells supplemented with H-L-Photo-lysine. UV irradiation is used to activate the diazirine moiety and induce crosslinking. Crosslinked products are analyzed by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, or mass spectrometry.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular studies are conducted using cells that have been engineered to incorporate H-L-Photo-lysine into a protein of interest. Cells are cultured with H-L-Photo-lysine, and the protein is expressed. UV irradiation is applied to induce crosslinking. Cells are lysed, and crosslinked proteins are analyzed by SDS-PAGE, Western blot, or mass spectrometry. Protein interaction networks are identified.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments are not typically performed with H-L-Photo-lysine alone. It is used in cell-based studies to investigate protein-protein interactions. Its utility is in chemical biology and proteomics, not as a therapeutic agent.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
H-L-Photo-lysine has a molecular formula of C11H20N4O4 and a molecular weight of 272.30 g/mol. It is also known as DiAzKs and AbK. It is a diazirine-containing lysine amino acid. For storage, it should be kept at -20°C, protected from light and moisture. The compound is supplied with high purity for research purposes. It is a photo-cross-linker.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
As a research chemical, H-L-Photo-lysine is not intended for human use. Its toxicological profile is not fully characterized. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling it. Its effects are related to its role as a photo-crosslinker, which could have significant biological consequences if used improperly.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
H-L-Photo-lysine is also known as DiAzKs and AbK. It is a diazirine-containing lysine amino acid and a photo-cross-linker. It acts as a UV light-activated photo-crosslinking probe. This unnatural amino acid can be site-selectively incorporated into proteins and is used to crosslink protein-protein interactions in vitro and in living cells. It is used in chemical biology and proteomics research.
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| Molecular Formula |
C11H20N4O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
272.300902366638
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| Exact Mass |
272.148
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| CAS # |
1253643-88-7
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| Related CAS # |
DiAzKs hydrochloride;2421187-79-1
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| PubChem CID |
66825403
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
-1.9
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
353
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
OC([C@H](CCCCNC(OCCC1(N=N1)C)=O)N)=O
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| InChi Key |
LUCMNTLJAFTFDU-QMMMGPOBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C11H20N4O4/c1-11(14-15-11)5-7-19-10(18)13-6-3-2-4-8(12)9(16)17/h8H,2-7,12H2,1H3,(H,13,18)(H,16,17)/t8-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-2-amino-6-[2-(3-methyldiazirin-3-yl)ethoxycarbonylamino]hexanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~5 mg/mL (~18.36 mM)
DMSO : ~2 mg/mL (~7.34 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.67 mg/mL (2.46 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 6.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.67 mg/mL (2.46 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 6.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: 12.5 mg/mL (45.91 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication (<60°C). |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6724 mL | 18.3621 mL | 36.7242 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7345 mL | 3.6724 mL | 7.3448 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3672 mL | 1.8362 mL | 3.6724 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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