| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10g |
|
||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: gel strength ~160 (Bloom)
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Effects During Pregnancy and Lactation
◉ Overview of Drug Use During Lactation There is currently no information regarding the use of epinephrine during lactation. Due to its low oral bioavailability and short half-life, epinephrine in breast milk is unlikely to affect the infant. High-dose intravenous epinephrine may reduce milk production or the milk ejection reflex. Low-dose intramuscular injection (e.g., Epi-Pen), epidural injection, topical application, inhalation, or ophthalmic epinephrine is unlikely to interfere with breastfeeding. After using eye drops, to significantly reduce the effect of the medication, press the tear duct near the corner of the eye for at least 1 minute, then wipe away any excess medication with absorbent tissue. Epinephrine is the first-line drug for treating anaphylactic shock; it should be used in the same manner for both lactating and non-lactating patients. ◉ Effects on Breastfed Infants No relevant published information was found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breast Milk No relevant published information was found for lactating mothers as of the revision date. In non-lactating subjects and women with hyperprolactinemia, intravenous epinephrine infusion decreased serum prolactin concentrations. Animal data showed that intra-arterial epinephrine injection decreased serum oxytocin levels and inhibited milk production. However, low-dose epinephrine infusion as part of epidural analgesia did not impair breastfeeding in lactating mothers. For mothers who had established lactation, prolactin levels likely did not affect their ability to breastfeed. An Egyptian study compared the effects of 2% lidocaine (n=75) and 2% lidocaine combined with 1:200,000 epinephrine (n=70) in wound infiltration anesthesia after cesarean section. Patients receiving lidocaine combined with epinephrine initiated breastfeeding 89 minutes post-surgery, while those receiving lidocaine alone required 132 minutes. This difference was statistically significant. |
|---|---|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Crystalline. Used medically as a cardiac stimulant.
Epinephrine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt of a naturally occurring sympathomimetic amine with vasoconstrictive, intraocular pressure-lowering, and bronchodilatory effects. Epinephrine causes vasoconstriction by stimulating α-adrenergic receptors in blood vessels, thereby increasing vascular resistance and blood pressure. When instilled into the conjunctiva, the drug binds to α-adrenergic receptors in the iris sphincter, leading to vasoconstriction, reduced aqueous humor production, and decreased intraocular pressure. Epinephrine also causes bronchodilation by stimulating β1 receptors, increasing myocardial contractility and frequency, and relaxing bronchial smooth muscle. An active sympathomimetic hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla. It simultaneously stimulates both α and β adrenergic systems, causing systemic vasoconstriction and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulating the heart, and dilating bronchial and cerebral blood vessels. It is used to treat asthma and heart failure and to delay the absorption of local anesthetics. See also: Epinephrine (active ingredient); Epinephrine hydrochloride; Lidocaine (ingredient); Epinephrine hydrochloride; Lidocaine hydrochloride (ingredient)... See more... |
| Molecular Formula |
C102H151O39N31
|
|---|---|
| Exact Mass |
260.872
|
| CAS # |
9000-70-8
|
| PubChem CID |
441411
|
| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
|
| Melting Point |
315 °F (NTP, 1992)
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
14
|
| Complexity |
154
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
CNC[C@@H](C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O.Cl
|
| InChi Key |
ATADHKWKHYVBTJ-FVGYRXGTSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H13NO3.ClH/c1-10-5-9(13)6-2-3-7(11)8(12)4-6;/h2-4,9-13H,5H2,1H3;1H/t9-;/m0./s1
|
| Chemical Name |
4-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-(methylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,2-diol;hydrochloride
|
| Synonyms |
Gelatins
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~50 mg/mL
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 10 mg/mL (Infinity mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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