| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 50mg | |||
| 100mg | |||
| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
Purity: ≥98%
Ganoderenic Acid D, a naturally occurring triterpene found in Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE), is the major active component of Ganoderma lucidum, and acts by inhibiting the growth of numerous cancer cell lines by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
| Targets |
In silico drug target searching (INVDOCK) suggested that Ganoderic acid D (GAD) can bind to six isoforms of the 14-3-3 protein family, annexin A5, and aminopeptidase B. Furthermore, the direct binding affinity of GAD to 14-3-3 ζ was confirmed in vitro using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor analysis. Additionally, molecular docking studies have revealed potential binding to human tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE).
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| ln Vitro |
Ganoderenic Acid D exhibits potent cytotoxicity against human carcinoma cell lines. It demonstrates IC₅₀ values of 0.14±0.01, 0.18±0.02, and 0.26±0.03 mg/mL in Hep G2, HeLa, and CaCo-2 cells, respectively. Furthermore, it inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in BV-2 microglia, with an IC₅₀ of 13.77 μM.
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| ln Vivo |
The in vivo anti-cancer effects of Ganoderenic Acid D have been demonstrated in mouse models. A study using Hepa1-6-bearing C57 BL/6 mice provided experimental support for its anti-cancer pharmacological mechanisms. The compound can induce synergistic apoptosis and autophagic cell death by disrupting autophagic flux, thereby inhibiting cancer cell proliferation.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The direct binding between GAD and the target 14-3-3 ζ protein was verified using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. In a typical protocol, the target protein (14-3-3 ζ) is immobilized on a sensor chip. A series of concentrations of GAD are then flowed over the chip surface, allowing real-time monitoring of binding kinetics via changes in the resonance angle.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cytotoxicity assays are performed in a time- and dose-dependent manner. HeLa cells are exposed to various concentrations of GAD (e.g., 1-50 μM) for 24-72 hours. Cell viability is then assessed using CCK-8 or MTT assays. Flow cytometry is used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate, with DNA fragmentation analysis further confirming the induction of apoptosis.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy is studied using tumor-bearing mouse models. C57 BL/6 mice are subcutaneously inoculated with Hepa1-6 cells to establish a tumor model. Once the tumors reach a measurable size, the mice are treated with Ganoderenic Acid D or G. lucidum extract via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection. Tumor volume and body weight are measured regularly, and the animals are euthanized at the end of the experiment to evaluate tumor growth inhibition rates in the treatment group compared to the model control group.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
A pharmacokinetic study in rats after oral administration revealed that biliary rather than renal clearance is the major route of excretion for ganoderic acid D, indicating that its clearance is mediated significantly by hepatic metabolism and biliary elimination. Additionally, ADMET predictions for Ganoderenic Acid D give a logKp value of -7.98 cm/s and indicate "low" GI absorption.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity information is derived from in vitro cytotoxic assays and Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Ganoderenic Acid D is classified as a toxic substance, with acute hazards including "very toxic if swallowed" and risks of irritation to the skin and eyes. Prolonged exposure may pose a risk of serious damage to health. Personal protective equipment, including gloves, eyeshields, and N95 masks, is recommended when handling this compound.
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| References |
Che XQ, Li SP, Zhao J. [Ganoderma triterpenoids from aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2017 May;42(10):1908-1915. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20170412.001. Chinese. PubMed PMID: 29090550.
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| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that geranium contains ganoderic acid D, and relevant data is available for reference.
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| Molecular Formula |
C30H40O7
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
512.6344
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| Exact Mass |
512.277
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| CAS # |
100665-43-8
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| PubChem CID |
57391536
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
702.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
218-220℃
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| Flash Point |
392.5±29.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±5.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.570
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| LogP |
2.56
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
37
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| Complexity |
1170
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
6
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| SMILES |
CC(CC(=O)/C=C(\C)/[C@H]1CC(=O)[C@@]2([C@@]1(CC(=O)C3=C2[C@H](C[C@@H]4[C@@]3(CCC(=O)C4(C)C)C)O)C)C)C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
JGWQYLZHPPFHEH-OWDPHXCRSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H40O7/c1-15(10-17(31)11-16(2)26(36)37)18-12-23(35)30(7)25-19(32)13-21-27(3,4)22(34)8-9-28(21,5)24(25)20(33)14-29(18,30)6/h10,16,18-19,21,32H,8-9,11-14H2,1-7H3,(H,36,37)/b15-10+/t16?,18-,19+,21+,28+,29-,30+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(E)-6-[(5R,7S,10S,13R,14R,17R)-7-hydroxy-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-3,11,15-trioxo-1,2,5,6,7,12,16,17-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2-methyl-4-oxohept-5-enoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~97.54 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.44 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.9507 mL | 9.7536 mL | 19.5072 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3901 mL | 1.9507 mL | 3.9014 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1951 mL | 0.9754 mL | 1.9507 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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