| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Gallocyanine chloride does not have a specific therapeutic target but functions as a staining dye and a potential agent for Alzheimer's disease research. It binds to nucleic acids, particularly DNA, through electrostatic interactions. The compound also blocks DKK1 inhibitory activity by disrupting the DKK1/LRP6 interaction, binding weakly to LRP6 with an IC50 for inhibiting DKK1 binding of about 3 µM.
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| ln Vitro |
Gallocyanine chloride is a synthetic blue dye used for staining cells and tissues, binding to nucleic acids, particularly DNA. It exhibits strong absorbance properties, enabling visualization of cellular structures under a microscope. The compound blocks DKK1 inhibitory activity by disrupting the DKK1/LRP6 interaction. Gallocyanine chloride is also used as a potential agent for research on Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative tauopathies.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, gallocyanine chloride is used as a staining dye and is not intended for therapeutic applications. It has been studied as a potential agent for Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative tauopathies. The compound's ability to bind to nucleic acids and disrupt DKK1/LRP6 interactions may have implications for neurodegenerative disease research. Specific in vivo efficacy studies for therapeutic applications are not documented.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro staining assay for gallocyanine chloride typically involves incubating tissue sections or cells with the dye at concentrations of 0.1-1% in aqueous solution for 5-30 minutes. Stained samples are then washed and examined under a light microscope. The compound binds to nucleic acids, particularly DNA, producing a blue coloration. For DKK1/LRP6 interaction studies, the compound is incubated with LRP6 and DKK1, and binding is assessed by ELISA or surface plasmon resonance.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for gallocyanine chloride typically involve treating cultured cells with the compound at concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 µM for various time periods. Cell viability is assessed using MTT or other standard assays. The compound's effects on DKK1/LRP6 signaling are assessed by measuring downstream signaling markers. The compound is dissolved in DMSO or water and diluted in cell culture medium.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for gallocyanine chloride are not typically performed for therapeutic purposes. The compound may be used in histological studies for tissue staining in animal models. For Alzheimer's disease research, the compound could be administered to animal models to study its effects on tau pathology or DKK1/LRP6 signaling. Specific protocols for in vivo studies are not well-established in the public domain.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Gallocyanine chloride has a molecular weight of 336.73 g/mol and formula C15H13ClN2O5. It appears as green crystals, is practically insoluble in cold water, slightly soluble in hot water, and soluble in alcohol and glacial acetic acid. Recommended storage is at room temperature, protected from light. The compound is a synthetic blue dyestuff. Detailed PK parameters are not applicable for this staining dye.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Gallocyanine chloride is intended for research use only and is not approved for human therapeutic applications. As a dye compound, appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling. Standard toxicity assessments would include acute toxicity, skin and eye irritation, and environmental toxicity studies. The compound's ability to bind to nucleic acids suggests potential genotoxicity at high concentrations.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Gallocyanin is an organochloride salt composed of 1-carboxy-7-(dimethylamino)-3,4-dihydroxyphenoxazine-5-onium and chloride ions in a 1:1 ratio. It is a histological dye, often used in combination with iron alum mordant as an alternative in hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. It can be used as both a fluorescent dye and a histological dye. It contains Gallocyanin (1+).
Gallocyanine chloride (CAS 1562-85-2) is a synthetic blue dye with a molecular weight of 336.73 g/mol and formula C15H13ClN2O5. It is used in histological and biological research to stain cells and tissues, binding to nucleic acids, particularly DNA. The compound blocks DKK1 inhibitory activity by disrupting the DKK1/LRP6 interaction and is used as a potential agent for research on Alzheimer's disease and related neurodegenerative tauopathies. It is also known as Gallocyanine and 1-Carboxy-7-(dimethylamino)-3,4-dihydroxyphenoxazin-5-ium chloride. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H13CLN2O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
336.7271
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| Exact Mass |
336.051
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| CAS # |
1562-85-2
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| PubChem CID |
73801
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| Appearance |
Brown to black solid powder
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| Density |
1.3979 (rough estimate)
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| Boiling Point |
497ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
254.4ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.6500 (estimate)
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
632
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
AQSOTOUQTVJNMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H12N2O5.ClH/c1-17(2)7-3-4-9-11(5-7)22-14-12(16-9)8(15(20)21)6-10(18)13(14)19;/h3-6,19H,1-2H3,(H,20,21);1H
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| Chemical Name |
7-(dimethylamino)-4-hydroxy-3-oxophenoxazin-10-ium-1-carboxylic acid;chloride
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 11.11 mg/mL (~32.99 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 0.53 mg/mL (1.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 0.53 mg/mL (1.57 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 5.3 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9697 mL | 14.8487 mL | 29.6974 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5939 mL | 2.9697 mL | 5.9395 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2970 mL | 1.4849 mL | 2.9697 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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