| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5mg |
|
||
| 10mg |
|
||
| 50mg |
|
||
| 100mg |
|
||
| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Fodipir is a phosphorus-containing chelating ligand that forms stable complexes with metal ions, notably manganese. As the active metabolite of mangafodipir, fodipir retains the ability to chelate divalent metal ions. The compound's primary role in diagnostic imaging is to serve as the ligand component after manganese dissociation. Fodipir has also been shown to be involved in mangafodipir-mediated cytoprotection against 7beta-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death. The cytoprotective mechanism is thought to involve prevention of apoptosis through antioxidant or anti-inflammatory pathways. Fodipir does not target a specific enzyme or receptor but rather functions through metal chelation and modulation of oxidative stress responses.
|
|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Mangafodipir's active metabolite, fodipir, plays a role in mangafodipir-mediated cytoprotection against cell death caused by 7β-hydroxycholesterol. After 8 hours of therapy, fodipir (Dp-dp; dipyridine diphosphate; 100 μM) demonstrated optimum cytoprotective benefits against 7β-OH-mediated cell death. Additionally, fodipir decreases lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and ROS generation in cells caused by 7β-OH [1].
In vitro, fodipir (100 microM) demonstrates significant cytoprotective effects, effectively mitigating 7beta-hydroxycholesterol (7beta-OH)-induced cell death after 8 hours of treatment. The compound protects cells from apoptosis caused by 7beta-hydroxycholesterol, an oxysterol implicated in various pathological conditions including atherosclerosis and neurodegenerative diseases. Fodipir's cytoprotective activity is believed to be mediated through its ability to chelate metal ions and reduce oxidative stress, thereby preventing mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent apoptosis. The compound has been tested in various cell types including endothelial cells and hepatocytes. The protective effect is concentration-dependent and requires the presence of the intact ligand structure. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, fodipir is the active metabolite generated from mangafodipir following administration. Mangafodipir is administered intravenously as an MRI contrast agent, and after injection, manganese dissociates from the fodipir ligand. The manganese ion provides the paramagnetic properties necessary for T1-weighted MRI contrast enhancement, particularly in the liver and pancreas. Fodipir itself does not contribute to MRI contrast but is the metabolite responsible for some of the biological activities of mangafodipir, including cytoprotection. In animal studies, mangafodipir has been shown to reduce oxidative damage in various tissues, and these effects are attributed at least in part to fodipir.
|
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for fodipir typically involve assessment of cytoprotective activity against oxidative stress-induced cell death. Cells (e.g., endothelial cells, hepatocytes, or neuronal cells) are cultured in appropriate medium and seeded in 96-well plates. Cells are pre-incubated with fodipir at concentrations ranging from 10-200 microM for 1-2 hours, then exposed to 7beta-hydroxycholesterol (7beta-OH) or other oxidants (H2O2, t-BHP) for 8-24 hours. Cell viability is assessed using MTT, XTT, or LDH release assays. Apoptosis is quantified by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry, or by measuring caspase-3/7 activity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels are measured using fluorescent probes such as DCFH-DA. Cytoprotection is expressed as percentage of viable cells compared to untreated controls.
|
| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for fodipir are performed using cell lines sensitive to oxysterol-induced apoptosis, such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), HepG2 hepatoma cells, or neuronal cell lines. Cells are cultured in appropriate medium supplemented with FBS and grown to 70-80% confluence. Cells are treated with fodipir (10-200 microM) for 1-2 hours prior to addition of 7beta-hydroxycholesterol (5-25 microM). After 8-24 hours of co-incubation, cells are harvested for analysis. Apoptosis is assessed by nuclear morphology (DAPI staining), DNA fragmentation (TUNEL assay), and caspase activation (fluorogenic substrate cleavage). Mitochondrial membrane potential is measured using JC-1 dye. Cellular ATP levels are quantified using a bioluminescence assay. The cytoprotective concentration-response is determined.
|
| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for fodipir are typically conducted as part of mangafodipir pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations. Rodents (rats or mice) are administered mangafodipir intravenously at doses of 10-50 micromol/kg. Blood samples are collected at various time points (0-24 hours) for measurement of manganese and fodipir concentrations by ICP-MS or LC-MS. Tissue distribution is assessed by sacrificing animals at predetermined time points and collecting organs (liver, kidney, heart, brain) for analysis. In models of oxidative stress (e.g., ischemia-reperfusion injury), mangafodipir or fodipir is administered prior to or following the insult, and tissue damage is assessed by histology, biochemical markers, and functional outcomes.
|
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Fodipir (CAS#: 118248-91-2) has molecular formula C22H32N4O14P2 and molecular weight 638.46. The compound's chemical name is N,N'-ethylenebis[N-[[3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridyl]methyl]glycine] 5,5'-bis(dihydrogen phosphate). Fodipir is a pyridoxyl-based chelating agent with two phosphate groups. The compound is a white to off-white solid. It is soluble in aqueous solutions at physiological pH. As a metabolite of mangafodipir, fodipir is formed rapidly in vivo following intravenous administration. The pharmacokinetics of fodipir are closely linked to those of mangafodipir, with the compound being cleared renally.
|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological information for fodipir is primarily derived from studies on mangafodipir, which is clinically used as an MRI contrast agent. Mangafodipir is generally well-tolerated, with common adverse effects including nausea, headache, and flushing. Manganese toxicity is a theoretical concern with accumulation of manganese in tissues, but at diagnostic doses, this is minimal. The compound should be handled with standard laboratory precautions. As a chelating agent, fodipir may affect metal ion homeostasis if administered in high doses. The compound is intended for research use only and should be stored at -20degC, protected from light. Waste disposal should follow institutional guidelines for chemical waste.
|
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Fodipir (CAS#: 118248-91-2) is the active metabolite of mangafodipir, a manganese-based contrast agent used in MRI for liver imaging. The compound was given the INN (International Nonproprietary Name) fodipir in 1994-1995. Fodipir functions as a cytoprotective agent against 7beta-hydroxycholesterol-induced cell death, with potential implications for studying apoptosis and oxidative stress. The compound is used in research to investigate the mechanisms of mangafodipir-mediated cytoprotection and to study the role of metal chelation in cellular protection. Fodipir is also used as a chelating agent in pharmaceutical and diagnostic research. As of the current date, fodipir is not approved as a therapeutic agent, but mangafodipir is approved as a diagnostic contrast agent in several countries.
|
| Molecular Formula |
C22H32N4O14P2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
638.45548
|
| Exact Mass |
638.139
|
| CAS # |
118248-91-2
|
| PubChem CID |
60683
|
| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
|
| Density |
1.657g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
1049.1ºC at 760mmHg
|
| Flash Point |
588.3ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.655
|
| LogP |
0.132
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
18
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
17
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
42
|
| Complexity |
907
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| InChi Key |
SQKUFYLUXROIFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H32N4O14P2/c1-13-21(31)17(15(5-23-13)11-39-41(33,34)35)7-25(9-19(27)28)3-4-26(10-20(29)30)8-18-16(12-40-42(36,37)38)6-24-14(2)22(18)32/h5-6,31-32H,3-4,7-12H2,1-2H3,(H,27,28)(H,29,30)(H2,33,34,35)(H2,36,37,38)
|
| Chemical Name |
2-[2-[carboxymethyl-[[3-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-(phosphonooxymethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]ethyl-[[3-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-(phosphonooxymethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methyl]amino]acetic acid
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~18.18 mg/mL (~28.47 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 33.33 mg/mL (52.20 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.5663 mL | 7.8313 mL | 15.6627 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3133 mL | 1.5663 mL | 3.1325 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1566 mL | 0.7831 mL | 1.5663 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
Products are for research use only; We do not sell to patients
Copyright 2020 InvivoChem LLC | All Rights Reserved
