| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Fmoc-D-Nle-OH is classified as an amino acid derivative targeting peptide synthesis applications. The compound itself does not have a specific biological receptor target; rather, it is a synthetic building block used in the preparation of peptides with D-amino acid residues. D-amino acid incorporation confers proteolytic resistance to peptides, making them useful in the design of antimicrobial peptides and long-acting peptide therapeutics. The target is the growing peptide chain during SPPS.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Commercial ergot supplements have been made from amino acids and their derivatives. They affect the release of anabolic hormones, the availability of fuel for activity, the ability to think clearly under pressure, and the prevention of muscular damage brought on by exertion. They are regarded as advantageous synergistic food ingredients [1].
In vitro activity of Fmoc-D-Nle-OH is primarily related to its role as a peptide synthesis reagent. Amino acids and amino acid derivatives like Fmoc-D-Nle-OH have been commercially used as ergogenic supplements. They influence the secretion of anabolic hormones, supply of fuel during exercise, mental performance during stress-related tasks, and prevention of exercise-induced muscle damage. As a protected amino acid, its in vitro utility lies in solid-phase peptide synthesis rather than direct biological activity. |
| ln Vivo |
There is no specific in vivo activity data available for Fmoc-D-Nle-OH. As a protected amino acid derivative used exclusively in research, it is not administered in vivo in its intact form. The D-norleucine residues introduced into peptides via this building block can confer metabolic stability and proteolytic resistance when the resulting peptides are studied in vivo. Peptides containing D-amino acids are often used to investigate stereochemical effects on biological activity and pharmacokinetics.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Typical in vitro enzyme/receptor binding protocols for Fmoc-amino acids involve assessing coupling efficiency in peptide synthesis. The compound is activated using coupling reagents such as HATU, HBTU, or DIC in the presence of a base like DIPEA in DMF. The activated ester is then reacted with a resin-bound peptide. For quality control, HPLC and LC-MS are used to monitor coupling completion. Enantiomeric purity is verified by chiral HPLC (≥99.5% ee). Standard binding assays are not applicable as this is a synthetic building block.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based protocols for Fmoc-D-Nle-OH are not applicable as the compound is not used in cell culture. However, the D-norleucine-containing peptides synthesized using this building block can be tested in cellular assays. For such studies, peptides are dissolved in DMSO or appropriate buffers, diluted to desired concentrations, and added to cell cultures. Typical assays include cell viability (MTT), proliferation, and apoptosis measurements. Cells are incubated for 24-72 hours with peptide treatments.
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| Animal Protocol |
Animal studies involving Fmoc-D-Nle-OH are not conducted with the protected amino acid itself. Instead, the D-norleucine-containing peptides synthesized using this building block may be evaluated in vivo. Standard protocols involve administration of the peptide via oral gavage, intravenous, or intraperitoneal injection in appropriate animal models. Dosing regimens, blood sampling, and tissue collection are performed according to specific study designs. Pharmacodynamic and efficacy endpoints are measured depending on the therapeutic area of interest.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for Fmoc-D-Nle-OH as a standalone compound is not applicable as it is a research building block, not a drug. The compound has a molecular weight of 353.4 g/mol and formula C₂₁H₂₃NO₄. It is soluble in DMF for peptide synthesis applications. The Fmoc protecting group is removed under basic conditions (typically 20% piperidine in DMF) during SPPS. The resulting peptide products containing D-norleucine may exhibit altered pharmacokinetics due to increased proteolytic stability.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for Fmoc-D-Nle-OH is limited as it is a research chemical. Standard safety precautions for handling Fmoc-protected amino acids should be observed. The compound is not intended for human therapeutic use. The Fmoc group is base-labile and may be removed under physiological conditions. Acute toxicity is expected to be low based on the compound's chemical class. Proper personal protective equipment should be used when handling. Store at -20°C for long-term stability.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Fmoc-D-Nle-OH (CAS#: 112883-41-7) is also known as Fmoc-D-norleucine, (R)-2-((((9H-Fluoren-9-yl)methoxy)carbonyl)amino)hexanoic acid. Its molecular formula is C₂₁H₂₃NO₄ and molecular weight is 353.4 g/mol. It is a premium-grade reagent with ≥99.5% enantiomeric purity, ensuring single-stereoisomer peptides for unambiguous SAR studies. The compound supports peptidomimetic, antimicrobial peptide, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies. It is not approved for therapeutic use and has no clinical trial status.
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| Molecular Formula |
C21H23NO4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
353.4116
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| Exact Mass |
353.162
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| CAS # |
112883-41-7
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| PubChem CID |
2756111
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| Appearance |
White to off-white powder
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| Density |
1.2±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
565.6±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
295.9±25.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.584
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| LogP |
5.14
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
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| Heavy Atom Count |
26
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| Complexity |
472
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
O(C(N([H])[C@@]([H])(C(=O)O[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])=O)C([H])([H])C1([H])C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C2C2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12
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| InChi Key |
VCFCFPNRQDANPN-LJQANCHMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H23NO4/c1-2-3-12-19(20(23)24)22-21(25)26-13-18-16-10-6-4-8-14(16)15-9-5-7-11-17(15)18/h4-11,18-19H,2-3,12-13H2,1H3,(H,22,25)(H,23,24)/t19-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R)-2-(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxycarbonylamino)hexanoic acid
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| Synonyms |
Fmoc-D-Nle-OH
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~282.96 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.07 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.07 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8296 mL | 14.1479 mL | 28.2957 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5659 mL | 2.8296 mL | 5.6591 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2830 mL | 1.4148 mL | 2.8296 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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