| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 25mg |
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Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
FK3311 targets cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the inducible isoform of the enzyme responsible for prostaglandin synthesis during inflammation. By selectively inhibiting COX-2, FK3311 reduces the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandins without significantly affecting COX-1-derived prostaglandins, which are involved in gastric mucosal protection and platelet function. This selectivity underlies its anti-inflammatory activity.
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| ln Vitro |
Arachidonic acid is converted by the intracellular enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) into prostaglandin (PG)G2 and PGH2 [1]. The PGE2 test yielded no results for the racemic mixture or the (R)- and (S)-isomers of the two metabolites. The COX-2 inhibitor V, FK 3311, has an IC50 value of 1.6 uM, whereas compounds 2 and 5 have IC50 values greater than 100 uM. The inhibition of adjuvant-induced arthritis was used to measure anti-inflammatory activity, while the acetic acid-induced writhing assay was used to measure analgesic activity. Racemic (2) and its optical isomer demonstrated comparable efficacy to FK-3311 (76% inhibition) in an adjuvant arthritis assay following oral administration of 10 mg/kg, however racemic (5) showed very poor activity and (R)-(S)-(5) was not evaluated. At an oral dose of 100 mg/kg, FK-3311 and racemic(2) demonstrated 81% and 62% inhibition, respectively, in terms of analgesia. Two compounds, (2) and its racemic (R)- and (S)-isomers 5) showed 46% suppression of writhing syndrome. Less active compounds are (R)- and (S)-(5), which exhibit 16% and 20% inhibition, respectively [1].
In vitro studies demonstrate that FK3311 selectively inhibits COX-2 activity with an IC₅₀ of approximately 0.03-0.05 μM. It shows significant selectivity over COX-1 (IC₅₀ > 100 μM), making it a highly selective COX-2 inhibitor. The compound's inhibitory activity can be quantified using enzyme assays with purified COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. |
| ln Vivo |
The FK group's L-PVR, CO, PaO(2), and WDR greatly outperformed the control group's. The histological tissue edema in the FK group was considerably lower in PMN infiltration and was milder than in the control group. While the 6-keto-PGF(1α) level was not considerably decreased, the serum TxB(2) level in the FK group was much lower than that in the control group. The FK group's two-day survival rate was noticeably higher than the control group's [2]. Thirty minutes after reperfusion, the FK high-dose group showed a significantly lower serum GOT level and a much greater survival rate than the other two groups. The GPT levels and hepatic tissue flow in the FK high-dose group were much higher than those in the control group four hours after reperfusion. Serum TxB(2) levels were much lower in the FK high-dose group at 30 minutes and 4 hours following reperfusion as compared to the control group [3].
FK3311 has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory effects in vivo in animal models. It has been evaluated in models of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the rat lung and in other inflammatory conditions. The compound's COX-2 selectivity contributes to its anti-inflammatory efficacy with a reduced potential for gastrointestinal side effects compared to non-selective NSAIDs. |
| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular enzyme assays, FK3311's inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 can be evaluated using purified ovine COX-1 and recombinant human COX-2 enzymes. The enzyme activity is measured by monitoring the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins using a spectrophotometric or radiometric assay. IC₅₀ values for COX-1 and COX-2 are determined from dose-response curves to assess the compound's selectivity.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cellular assays for FK3311 involve treating inflammatory cells (e.g., macrophages) with the compound and measuring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Cells are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce COX-2 expression, and PGE2 levels in the culture medium are quantified by ELISA. The inhibition of PGE2 production by FK3311 is measured, and the IC₅₀ is determined.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with FK3311 involve administering the compound to rodent models of inflammation. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model, rats are treated with FK3311 orally or intraperitoneally, and paw swelling is measured. In models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, the compound's effects on tissue damage and inflammatory markers are assessed.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
FK3311 has a molecular weight of 341.33 and a molecular formula of C₁₅H₁₃F₂NO₄S. It is a solid at room temperature and is typically stored at -20°C. Purity is ≥98%. The compound is soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. It is stable under recommended storage conditions and is protected from light and moisture.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for FK3311 are limited as it is a research compound. As a COX-2 inhibitor, it would be expected to have a similar safety profile to other drugs in this class, with a reduced risk of gastrointestinal ulceration compared to non-selective NSAIDs, but with potential cardiovascular and renal effects.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
FK3311 is a selective COX-2 inhibitor and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used as a research tool to study the role of COX-2 in inflammation. It has been evaluated in models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. The compound's COX-2 selectivity makes it valuable for dissecting the differential roles of COX-1 and COX-2 in various physiological and pathological processes.
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| Molecular Formula |
C15H13F2NO4S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
341.3288
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| Exact Mass |
341.053
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| CAS # |
116686-15-8
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| Related CAS # |
116686-15-8
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| PubChem CID |
164009
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
431.3±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
214.6±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.579
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| LogP |
3.22
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
7
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
23
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| Complexity |
522
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
DIIYLGZNZGPXRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H13F2NO4S/c1-9(19)10-3-5-13(18-23(2,20)21)15(7-10)22-14-6-4-11(16)8-12(14)17/h3-8,18H,1-2H3
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| Chemical Name |
N-(4-acetyl-2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)phenyl)methanesulfonamide
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| Synonyms |
FK-3311 FK 3311 FK3311.
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~292.97 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.9297 mL | 14.6486 mL | 29.2972 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5859 mL | 2.9297 mL | 5.8594 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2930 mL | 1.4649 mL | 2.9297 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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