| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg | |||
| 100g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is primarily metabolized to acetoacetate (AcAc) by 3-HB dehydrogenase, playing a role in fatty acid metabolism and energy production. It does not have a specific pharmacological target but functions as a metabolic precursor that increases serum 3-HB levels and improves metabolic homeostasis.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro activity is primarily related to its metabolic effects; specific enzyme inhibition data are not extensively reported. As a ketone body precursor, it may influence cellular energy metabolism and redox balance.
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| ln Vivo |
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (300 mg/kg, ip, once daily for 28 days) increases 3-HB levels in serum, promotes TCA cycle and protein synthesis, and improves metabolic homeostasis. It reduces inflammation responses and enhances antioxidant capacity, alleviating cancer cachexia-associated skeletal muscle atrophy in CT26 xenograft mouse models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Enzyme assays for Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate would involve measuring its conversion to acetoacetate by 3-HB dehydrogenase. Standard analytical characterization includes HPLC separation and pharmacokinetic analysis. As a metabolite, its activity is typically assessed through metabolic pathway studies rather than receptor binding assays.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based studies would evaluate the compound's effects on cellular energy metabolism, TCA cycle activity, and protein synthesis. In cancer cachexia models, it reduces inflammation and enhances antioxidant capacity. Specific cell lines such as CT26 xenograft models are used to assess its therapeutic potential.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo studies are performed in CT26 xenograft mouse models. Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate (300 mg/kg, ip, single dose) increases 3-HB levels in serum and gastrocnemius muscle, reduces weight loss, skeletal muscle atrophy, and tumor weight, and improves mouse survival. It also reduces serum levels of IFN-γ and TGF-β.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is soluble in DMSO (100 mg/mL). For in vivo use, formulations include 10% DMSO with various carriers. Storage: pure form at -20°C for 3 years or 4°C for 2 years; in solvent at -80°C for 6 months or -20°C for 1 month.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is generally recognized as safe as a fragrance ingredient. It has been studied for its potential in treating inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and cachexia. No significant toxicity has been reported at therapeutic doses.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is a colorless, transparent liquid. (NTP, 1992)
Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is an ethyl fatty acid ester of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. It is a metabolite functionally related to 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate has been reported in tea (Camellia sinensis), cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica), and Aeromonas veronii, with relevant data available. Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is a metabolite found or produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Ethyl 3-hydroxybutyrate is a chiral building block for pharmaceuticals and a ketone body precursor. It is a metabolite with potential therapeutic applications in metabolic disorders and cancer cachexia. Synonyms include Ethyl-β-hydroxybutyrate and Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate. It is not a drug but a research compound and fragrance ingredient. |
| Molecular Formula |
C₆H₁₂O₃
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
132.16
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| Exact Mass |
132.078
|
| CAS # |
5405-41-4
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| PubChem CID |
62572
|
| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.0±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
175.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
64.4±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.4±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.427
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| LogP |
-0.02
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
9
|
| Complexity |
90.3
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
O(C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H])C(C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])O[H])=O
|
| InChi Key |
OMSUIQOIVADKIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H12O3/c1-3-9-6(8)4-5(2)7/h5,7H,3-4H2,1-2H3
|
| Chemical Name |
ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate
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| Synonyms |
Ethyl 3hydroxybutyrate; Ethyl 3 hydroxybutyrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~756.66 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (18.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.5666 mL | 37.8329 mL | 75.6659 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5133 mL | 7.5666 mL | 15.1332 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7567 mL | 3.7833 mL | 7.5666 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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