| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Esculentoside H targets the immune system to exert its effects. Its anti-tumor activity is mediated through the induction of TNF release. It also modulates cytokine production by increasing the gene transcription levels of IL-3 and IL-6. Its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects are likely due to its ability to modulate inflammatory and immune signaling, reducing cytokine production.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Esculentoside H exhibits anti-tumor activity by inducing the release of TNF. It also modulates the immune response by raising the gene transcription levels of IL-3 and IL-6. Its ability to modulate cytokine production suggests significant immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Esculentoside H's anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities suggest potential therapeutic applications in cancer and inflammatory diseases. However, specific in vivo studies are limited. Its ability to induce TNF release could be a double-edged sword, with potential for both anti-tumor and pro-inflammatory effects.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell enzyme assays for Esculentoside H are not standard. Its mechanism is primarily studied in cell-based systems. However, its effects on TNF release can be assessed by measuring TNF levels in cell culture supernatants using ELISA.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Esculentoside H use immune cells (e.g., macrophages) or cancer cell lines. Cells are treated with the compound, and the release of TNF, IL-3, and IL-6 is measured by ELISA. The anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells can be assessed using MTT or similar assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Esculentoside H would likely employ tumor xenograft models to study its anti-tumor activity. Mice bearing tumors would be treated with the compound, and tumor growth, survival, and serum cytokine levels (including TNF, IL-3, IL-6) would be monitored to assess efficacy and mechanism.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Esculentoside H has a molecular weight of 989.10 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₄₈H₇₆O₂₁. It is a water-soluble saponin. It should be stored under appropriate conditions as recommended by the manufacturer. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters have not been extensively characterized.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Esculentoside H has not been fully characterized. Its ability to induce TNF release could lead to significant inflammatory side effects, which is a common concern with TNF-inducing agents. Comprehensive toxicological studies are needed to assess its safety.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
2-O-methyl4a-O-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxacyclohexane-2-yl] has been reported, (2S,4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S, [6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxacyclohexane-2-yl]oxacyclohexane-2-yl]oxacyclohexane-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6a,6b,9,12a-pentamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecanoyl-2,4a-dicarboxylic acid ester is found in Phytolacca octandra, Phytolacca acinosa, and other organisms with relevant data.
See also: Aesculin H (note moved to). Esculentoside H is a bioactive triterpenoid saponin from Phytolacca esculenta with significant anti-tumor activity, mediated through the induction of TNF release. It also exhibits immunomodulatory properties by modulating cytokine production. It is a valuable research tool for studying cancer and immunology. Also known as EsH. Not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C48H76O21
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
989.1045
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| Exact Mass |
988.487
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| CAS # |
66656-92-6
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| PubChem CID |
101920412
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1042.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
295.3±27.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.635
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| LogP |
1.78
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
12
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
21
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
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| Heavy Atom Count |
69
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| Complexity |
1920
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
25
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| SMILES |
C[C@@]1(CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@]5(C)CO)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](CO6)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O)C)C)[C@@H]2C1)C)C(=O)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O8)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)OC
|
| InChi Key |
UQCUBQIHIKJPHI-PMUXBYKWSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C48H76O21/c1-43(41(61)63-6)11-13-48(42(62)69-40-36(60)33(57)30(54)25(18-50)66-40)14-12-46(4)21(22(48)15-43)7-8-28-44(2)16-23(52)37(45(3,20-51)27(44)9-10-47(28,46)5)68-38-34(58)31(55)26(19-64-38)67-39-35(59)32(56)29(53)24(17-49)65-39/h7,22-40,49-60H,8-20H2,1-6H3/t22-,23-,24+,25+,26+,27+,28+,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34+,35+,36+,37-,38-,39-,40-,43-,44-,45-,46+,47+,48-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-O-methyl 4a-O-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (2S,4aR,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10R,11S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-11-hydroxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,6a,6b,9,12a-pentamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-2,4a-dicarboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~101.10 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 4.17 mg/mL (4.22 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 41.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.53 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.53 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.0110 mL | 5.0551 mL | 10.1102 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2022 mL | 1.0110 mL | 2.0220 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1011 mL | 0.5055 mL | 1.0110 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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