| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Escin targets multiple pathways involved in inflammation, vascular function, and cell proliferation. It reduces capillary permeability, improves blood circulation, and protects vascular tissues. The compound inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular permeability. Its anti-inflammatory effects are mediated through the modulation of inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways. Escin also exhibits antioxidant properties, protecting cells from oxidative damage. As a triterpenoid saponin, escin interacts with cell membranes and may modulate membrane-associated signaling pathways. Its ability to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation suggests potential anticancer activity, though the mechanism is not fully understood.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have demonstrated that escin exhibits anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor, and vasoprotective effects. It inhibits edema formation and decreases vascular permeability in various cell-based models. The compound shows effectiveness in inhibiting pancreatic cancer cell proliferation while having minimal effects on normal rat skeletal muscle cells. Escin's antioxidant properties protect cells from oxidative damage. The compound's ability to reduce capillary permeability and improve blood circulation has been demonstrated in endothelial cell models. Its anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive activities have been confirmed in various in vitro assays.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, escin has been used to treat conditions like chronic venous insufficiency, varicose veins, and other venous disorders. It works by reducing capillary permeability, improving blood circulation, and protecting vascular tissues. The compound is commonly included in topical creams and oral supplements to reduce swelling, pain, and bruising associated with venous disorders. Escin's anti-inflammatory and venotonic effects have been demonstrated in various animal models of inflammation and venous insufficiency. Its ability to inhibit edema formation and decrease vascular permeability has been confirmed in vivo. The compound also exhibits anti-nociceptive effects in animal models of pain.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell enzyme assays for escin are not standard, as the compound's mechanism is primarily studied in cell-based and animal models. However, the compound's effects on vascular permeability can be assessed using isolated blood vessels or endothelial cell monolayers in a cell-free system. The compound's antioxidant activity can be measured using DPPH, ABTS, or FRAP assays. Its anti-inflammatory activity can be assessed by measuring the inhibition of inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins or leukotrienes using cell-free enzyme assays. These assays provide quantitative data on the compound's direct effects on specific molecular targets.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for escin use endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and cancer cell lines. Endothelial cells are treated with varying concentrations of escin, and parameters such as cell permeability, cell viability, and inflammatory cytokine production are assessed. The compound's effects on capillary permeability are studied using endothelial cell monolayers and measuring the passage of fluorescent tracers. Its anti-inflammatory activity is assessed in macrophages or other immune cells stimulated with LPS, and the production of inflammatory cytokines is measured by ELISA. The compound's effects on cancer cell proliferation are studied using pancreatic cancer cell lines, and cell viability is assessed using MTT or similar assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for escin employ models of inflammation, venous insufficiency, and pain. For anti-inflammatory studies, standard models such as carrageenan-induced paw edema or adjuvant-induced arthritis are used. The compound is administered orally or topically, and parameters such as paw swelling, inflammatory cytokine levels, and histopathology of inflamed tissues are assessed. For venous insufficiency studies, animal models of chronic venous hypertension are used, and parameters such as venous tone, capillary permeability, and edema are assessed. For pain studies, standard models such as the hot plate test or formalin test are used. Pharmacokinetic studies in these models provide information about the compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Escin has a molecular weight of 1131.3 g/mol and a molecular formula of C₁₁₀H₁₇₂O₄₈. It is a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from horse chestnut seeds. As a saponin with a high molecular weight, escin is expected to have poor oral bioavailability and is typically administered topically or by injection. The compound should be stored under appropriate conditions as recommended by the manufacturer. Detailed pharmacokinetic parameters such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion have been characterized in preclinical and clinical studies but are not extensively documented in the available literature.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of escin has been evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. The compound is generally well-tolerated at therapeutic doses, though it can cause gastrointestinal irritation when taken orally. Topical application is generally well-tolerated, though skin irritation may occur in sensitive individuals. The compound's ability to inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation suggests that it may have significant biological effects that require careful evaluation. As a natural product, escin is generally considered to have moderate toxicity, though comprehensive toxicological data are available from its use in clinical practice. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Aescin is a triterpenoid saponin. Aescin Ib has been reported to exist in Aesculus chinensis, Aesculus turbinata, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Aesculus (partial).
Escin is a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from the seeds of Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut). It is also known as Aescin. The compound exhibits anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor, and vasoprotective effects. It has well-documented anti-inflammatory, venotonic, and antioxidant properties, making it useful in treating conditions like chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins. Escin works by reducing capillary permeability, improving blood circulation, and protecting vascular tissues. It is commonly included in topical creams and oral supplements to reduce swelling, pain, and bruising associated with venous disorders. Escin also exhibits anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive properties. The compound shows effectiveness in inhibiting pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. It is used in both research and clinical settings. |
| Molecular Formula |
C55H86O24
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1131.2570
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| Exact Mass |
2261.1
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| CAS # |
6805-41-0
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| PubChem CID |
6476031
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.46 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1140.6ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
224.5°C
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| Flash Point |
311.8ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.627
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| LogP |
0.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
13
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
24
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
16
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| Heavy Atom Count |
79
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| Complexity |
2300
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
27
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| SMILES |
C/C=C(/C)\C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@]2([C@@H](C[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H]([C@]5(C)CO)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)C(=O)O)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O)O)O)O)O[C@H]8[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O8)CO)O)O)O)C)C)[C@@H]2CC1(C)C)C)O)CO)OC(=O)C
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| InChi Key |
AXNVHPCVMSNXNP-OXPBSUTMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C55H86O24/c1-10-23(2)46(71)79-43-44(72-24(3)60)55(22-59)26(17-50(43,4)5)25-11-12-30-51(6)15-14-32(52(7,21-58)29(51)13-16-53(30,8)54(25,9)18-31(55)61)75-49-41(77-48-38(67)36(65)34(63)28(20-57)74-48)39(68)40(42(78-49)45(69)70)76-47-37(66)35(64)33(62)27(19-56)73-47/h10-11,26-44,47-49,56-59,61-68H,12-22H2,1-9H3,(H,69,70)/b23-10-/t26-,27+,28+,29+,30+,31+,32-,33+,34+,35-,36-,37+,38+,39-,40-,41+,42-,43-,44-,47-,48-,49+,51-,52+,53+,54+,55-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[[(3S,4S,4aR,6aR,6bS,8R,8aR,9R,10R,12aS,14aR,14bR)-9-acetyloxy-8-hydroxy-4,8a-bis(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-10-[(Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoyl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]-4-hydroxy-3,5-bis[[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy]oxane-2-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~1.92 mg/mL (~1.70 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.8840 mL | 4.4199 mL | 8.8397 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1768 mL | 0.8840 mL | 1.7679 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0884 mL | 0.4420 mL | 0.8840 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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