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Purity: =99.61%
Equol [(-)-Equol, (3S)-Equol, (S)-Equol, AUS 131] is an isoflavandiol estrogen metabolized from daidzein, specifically, it is produced by intestinal bacteria in response to soy isoflavone intake in human. Equol is a metabolite of soybeans and is an important isoflavone that shows a wide range of activities including antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation activity and anticancer activity. It is reported that Equol specifically binds to 5α-DHT and has a modest affinity for recombinant estrogen receptor ERβ, which may be responsible for most of Equol's biological properties.
| ln Vitro |
(-)-(S)-Equol has the highest affinity for ERβ (Ki=0.73±0.2 nM), although its affinity for ERα is rather poor (Ki=6.41±1 nM) [1]. (-)-(S)-Equol suppresses the proliferation of the LnCaP, DU145, and PC3 human prostate cancer cell lines. (-)-(S)-Equol causes cell cycle arrest in G2 in PC3 cells by downregulating cyclin B1 and CDK1 and upregulating CDK inhibitors (p21 and p27), as well as apoptosis by upregulating Fas ligand (FasL). /M phase) and production of pro-apoptotic Bim. (-)-(S)-Equol promotes FOXO3a expression, inhibits p-FOXO3a expression, and improves FOXO3a nuclear stability. (-)-(S)-Equol also lowers the expression of MDM2, which acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase for p-FOXO3a, preventing p-FOXO3a from being destroyed by the proteasome. [2]. (-)-(S)-Equol enantioselectively promotes INS-1 cell viability, potentially by activating PKA signaling. (-)-(S)-Equol may be useful as an anti-type 2 diabetes medication. In INS-1 pancreatic beta cells, (-)-(S)-Equol phosphorylates cAMP response element-binding protein Ser 133 and promotes cAMP response element-mediated transcription [3].
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| ln Vivo |
(-)-(S)-Equol demonstrated no overt toxicity on day 33, as evidenced by its ability to inhibit tumor growth by 43.2% and 28.4% when compared to the control [2].
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| References |
[1]. Setchell KD, et al. S-equol, a potent ligand for estrogen receptor beta, is the exclusive enantiomeric form of the soy isoflavone metabolite produced by human intestinal bacterial flora. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 May;81(5):1072-9.
[2]. Lu Z, et al. S-equol, a Secondary Metabolite of Natural Anticancer Isoflavone Daidzein, Inhibits Prostate Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo, Though Activating the Akt/FOXO3a Pathway. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2016;16(5):455-65. [3]. Horiuchi H, et al. S-equol nantioselectively activates cAMP-protein kinase A signaling and reduces alloxan-induced cell death in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2014;60(4):291-6 |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H14O3
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| Molecular Weight |
242.27
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| CAS # |
531-95-3
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| Related CAS # |
(±)-Equol;94105-90-5;(R)-Equol;221054-79-1
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| SMILES |
O1C2C([H])=C(C([H])=C([H])C=2C([H])([H])[C@@]([H])(C2C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=2[H])O[H])C1([H])[H])O[H]
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.1276 mL | 20.6381 mL | 41.2763 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8255 mL | 4.1276 mL | 8.2553 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4128 mL | 2.0638 mL | 4.1276 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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