| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
The primary target of Ectoine is cellular water and protein structure. As an osmolyte, it stabilizes proteins and cell membranes by preferentially excluding from the protein surface, promoting protein hydration and preventing aggregation. Ectoine structures free water in the cell, protecting cells from dehydration and osmotic stress.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Ectoine (0–5% (w/v); 0–24 hours; human RBCs) shields cells against SDS treatment-induced damage [1].
In vitro, Ectoine has been shown to protect proteins and cell membranes from stress-induced damage. It stabilizes proteins and prevents aggregation. The compound's osmoprotective effects have been confirmed in various in vitro models using cells exposed to osmotic stress. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Ectoine is widely used in skincare and cosmetics for its moisturizing and soothing effects, making it ideal for sensitive and dry skin. It is added to various skin care products, such as toner, sunscreen, cream, mask liquid, spray, repair liquid, and lotion.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme or receptor binding assays for Ectoine are not typically performed, as it is not a direct enzyme inhibitor or receptor ligand. Its osmoprotective activity can be assessed by measuring protein stability and cell viability under stress conditions. The compound's ability to structure water can be studied using biophysical methods.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Ectoine are performed using various cell types exposed to osmotic stress, such as high salt or UV radiation. Cells are treated with the compound, and cell viability, membrane integrity, and protein stability are assessed. The compound's protective effects are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments for Ectoine are limited, as it is primarily used as a cosmetic ingredient. Its safety and efficacy for topical use have been evaluated in human clinical studies. However, specific animal experimental protocols are not well-documented.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Ectoine indicate that it has a molecular weight of 142.16 and a molecular formula of C6H10N2O2. The CAS number is 96702-03-3. The IUPAC name is (6S)-2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid. It is a solid with a purity of ≥98%. Storage at room temperature is recommended.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicology (toxicology) data for Ectoine indicate that it is safe for use in cosmetic products. It is well-tolerated and has low toxicity. The compound is not known to cause significant skin irritation or sensitization. It is widely used in skincare products for sensitive and dry skin.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Ectogenin is a carboxymidine heterocyclic compound formed by the condensation of (2S)-2,4-diaminobutyric acid and acetic acid. It is an osmotic regulator. Ectogenin belongs to the carboxymidine class of compounds, specifically a 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine compound, and is also a monocarboxylic acid. It is the conjugate acid of ectogenin acid and also the tautomer of the zwitterion of ectogenin. Ectogenin is a metabolite found or produced in Escherichia coli (strains K12 and MG1655). It has also been reported in Streptomyces, marine methylphages, and other organisms with relevant data.
Other information: Ectoine is also known as Ectoin and (S)-2-Methyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. It is an osmoprotectant derived from halophilic bacteria. The compound is widely used in skincare and cosmetics for its moisturizing and soothing effects. Its CAS number is 96702-03-3. |
| Molecular Formula |
C6H10N2O2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
142.1558
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| Exact Mass |
142.074
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| CAS # |
96702-03-3
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| PubChem CID |
126041
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
381.5±35.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
~280°
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| Flash Point |
184.5±25.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.597
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| LogP |
0.27
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
177
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
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| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1CCN=C(C)N1)(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
WQXNXVUDBPYKBA-YFKPBYRVSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C6H10N2O2/c1-4-7-3-2-5(8-4)6(9)10/h5H,2-3H2,1H3,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)/t5-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(6S)-2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~250 mg/mL (~1758.58 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 100 mg/mL (703.43 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with sonication.
(Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.0343 mL | 35.1716 mL | 70.3433 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.4069 mL | 7.0343 mL | 14.0687 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7034 mL | 3.5172 mL | 7.0343 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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