| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Domiphen bromide targets multiple molecular targets including HERG potassium channels (IC50: 9 nM), aminopeptidase-like enzymes, Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase, and α-chymotrypsin. As a cationic quaternary ammonium salt, its primary mechanism of action involves disrupting bacterial cell membrane integrity by interacting with negatively charged phospholipid components, leading to cell lysis and death. The compound also targets bacterial phosphatases and parasites. Its antimicrobial activity is attributed to membrane disruption and enzyme inhibition.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Domiphen bromide demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against A. viscosus, A. naeslundii, S. mutans, and E. coli. It exhibits potent inhibition of HERG channels with an IC50 of 9 nM. The compound inhibits aminopeptidase-like enzymes, Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase, and α-chymotrypsin. Domiphen bromide shows antimalarial activity and acts as a synergist of Colistin. Its antibacterial and antimalarial properties make it useful as a preservative and disinfectant.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Domiphen bromide has been used in the research of bacterial infectious diseases such as pharyngitis, thrush, and oral ulcers. It serves as a chemical preservative and cationic surfactant. The compound's versatile antimicrobial properties make it valuable for studying microbial biology, antimicrobial resistance, and biomedical applications. Domiphen bromide has been investigated for its potential as a synergist of Colistin in treating bacterial infections. Further in vivo studies are ongoing to fully characterize its therapeutic potential.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Domiphen bromide enzyme inhibition assays involve measuring HERG channel inhibition (IC50: 9 nM) using patch-clamp electrophysiology or fluorescence-based membrane potential assays. Aminopeptidase-like enzyme activity is assessed using fluorogenic substrates. Alkaline phosphatase activity is measured by monitoring p-nitrophenyl phosphate hydrolysis. α-Chymotrypsin inhibition is assessed using chromogenic substrates. Antibacterial activity is evaluated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination against bacterial cultures. Assays are performed in appropriate buffer systems with positive controls such as known enzyme inhibitors.
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| Cell Assay |
Domiphen bromide cell-based assays are conducted in bacterial cultures and mammalian cell lines. Bacteria are cultured in appropriate media at 37°C and treated with Domiphen bromide at varying concentrations. Antibacterial activity is assessed by measuring optical density or colony counting. For HERG channel studies, mammalian cells expressing HERG channels are used and channel activity is measured by patch-clamp electrophysiology. For antimalarial studies, Plasmodium cultures are used. Cell viability is assessed by standard assays. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive (e.g., known antibiotics) and negative (vehicle) controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
Domiphen bromide in vivo studies are conducted in animal models of bacterial infection. For antimicrobial efficacy studies, animals are infected with pathogenic bacteria and treated with Domiphen bromide via topical application or oral administration. Infection progression is monitored by assessing clinical signs and bacterial burden in tissues. For Colistin synergy studies, combination therapy with Colistin is evaluated. Dosing regimens are optimized based on pharmacokinetic data. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for histopathological and microbiological analysis at study endpoints. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Domiphen bromide (MW 414.46 g/mol, C22H40BrNO) is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt. It is soluble in DMSO and other organic solvents. The compound is stable under recommended storage conditions. Domiphen bromide can be used as a chemical preservative and cationic surfactant. Pharmacokinetic properties such as oral bioavailability, half-life, and tissue distribution would be determined in species-specific studies. The compound is typically applied topically or administered orally in research settings.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Domiphen bromide is generally well-tolerated at concentrations used for antimicrobial and preservative applications. The compound is a quaternary ammonium salt with established safety profiles as a disinfectant and preservative. It exhibits potent HERG channel inhibition (IC50: 9 nM), which may raise cardiac safety concerns at higher concentrations. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard safety precautions should be followed when handling. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
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| References |
Eur J Pharmacol. 2014 Aug 15;737:202-9.
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| Additional Infomation |
Domiphen bromide is an aromatic ether. Mechanism of Action Domiphen bromide is a quaternary ammonium salt preservative, with effects and uses similar to cationic surfactants. Therapeutic Uses Anti-infective (Topical Application) This article describes a double-blind, placebo-controlled study that included 31 patients with acute infectious dental disease who received 0.5 mg of domiphen bromide every 4–6 hours. The results showed good efficacy and tolerability. Pain and inflammation were significantly reduced after 2 days of treatment. This drug demonstrated significant efficacy, improved prognosis, and shortened disease duration.
Domiphen bromide is a cationic quaternary ammonium salt with potent antibacterial, antimalarial, and disinfectant properties. It inhibits HERG channels (IC50: 9 nM), aminopeptidase-like enzymes, alkaline phosphatase, and α-chymotrypsin. The compound is active against A. viscosus, A. naeslundii, S. mutans, and E. coli. Domiphen bromide is a synergist of Colistin and is used in research on bacterial infectious diseases including pharyngitis, thrush, and oral ulcers. All applications are limited to non-human research use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C22H40BRNO
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
414.4631
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| Exact Mass |
413.229
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| CAS # |
538-71-6
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| Related CAS # |
538-71-6 (Br);13900-14-6 (cation);
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| PubChem CID |
10866
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Melting Point |
117-119 °C(lit.)
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| LogP |
3.066
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
15
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| Heavy Atom Count |
25
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| Complexity |
271
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCOC1=CC=CC=C1.[Br-]
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~241.28 mM)
H2O : ~100 mg/mL (~241.28 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.03 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 25 mg/mL (60.32 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.4128 mL | 12.0639 mL | 24.1278 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4826 mL | 2.4128 mL | 4.8256 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2413 mL | 1.2064 mL | 2.4128 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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