| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
- Dihydrowithaferin A acts on cholinesterases, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). The IC50 values for inhibiting AChE and BuChE are 12.5 μM and 25.0 μM, respectively [1]
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
- Dihydrowithaferin A exhibited inhibitory activity against AChE in vitro. At a concentration of 12.5 μM, it inhibited 50% of AChE activity, as determined by enzyme activity assays [1]
- Dihydrowithaferin A showed inhibitory effects on BuChE in vitro. The concentration required to inhibit 50% of BuChE activity (IC50) was 25.0 μM, indicating a weaker inhibitory effect on BuChE compared to AChE [1] |
| Enzyme Assay |
- Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition assay: The assay was performed using a buffer system (pH 8.0). First, a certain volume of AChE solution was mixed with different concentrations of Dihydrowithaferin A and incubated at 37°C for 15 minutes. Then, the substrate (acetylthiocholine iodide) and Ellman's reagent (5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB) were added to the reaction mixture. The reaction was allowed to proceed at 37°C for 30 minutes, and the absorbance was measured at 412 nm using a spectrophotometer. The inhibition rate of AChE activity was calculated by comparing the absorbance of the drug-treated group with that of the control group (without Dihydrowithaferin A). The IC50 value was determined by plotting the inhibition rate against the logarithm of drug concentration and fitting a dose-response curve [1]
- Butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition assay: The experimental procedure was similar to the AChE inhibition assay, except that BuChE was used instead of AChE, and butyrylthiocholine iodide was used as the substrate. Different concentrations of Dihydrowithaferin A were incubated with BuChE, followed by the addition of substrate and Ellman's reagent. The absorbance at 412 nm was measured, and the inhibition rate and IC50 value of BuChE were calculated using the same method as for AChE [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
2,3-Dihydrosolanolide A is a solanolactone, a 2,3-dihydro derivative of solanolactone A. It has been isolated from the aerial parts of Physalis longifolia. It is a plant metabolite. It is a δ-lactone, 27-hydroxysteroid, 4-hydroxysteroid, ergosterane compound, primary alcohol, secondary alcohol, solanolactone, and epoxysteroid. It is functionally related to solanolactone A. 2,3-Dihydrosolanolide A has been reported in Vassobia breviflora, Withania aristata, and other organisms with relevant data. - Dihydrosolanolide A is a solanolactone compound isolated from Withania somnifera (also known as South African solanolactone). Its cholinesterase inhibitory activity suggests that it may be associated with the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, since cholinesterase inhibitors are often used to improve cholinergic function in such diseases [1]
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| Molecular Formula |
C28H40O6
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
472.6136
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| Exact Mass |
472.282
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| CAS # |
5589-41-3
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| PubChem CID |
15411208
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.26g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
667ºC at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
220.7ºC
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| Index of Refraction |
1.586
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| LogP |
3.576
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
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| Heavy Atom Count |
34
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| Complexity |
957
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
|
| SMILES |
CC1=C(C(=O)O[C@H](C1)[C@@H](C)[C@H]2CC[C@@H]3[C@@]2(CC[C@H]4[C@H]3C[C@@H]5[C@]6([C@@]4(C(=O)CC[C@@H]6O)C)O5)C)CO
|
| InChi Key |
YRXCLNDPESBJHL-CKNDUULBSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C28H40O6/c1-14-11-21(33-25(32)17(14)13-29)15(2)18-5-6-19-16-12-24-28(34-24)23(31)8-7-22(30)27(28,4)20(16)9-10-26(18,19)3/h15-16,18-21,23-24,29,31H,5-13H2,1-4H3/t15-,16-,18+,19-,20-,21+,23-,24+,26+,27-,28+/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(1S,2R,6S,7R,9R,11S,12S,15R,16S)-6-hydroxy-15-[(1S)-1-[(2R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-6-oxo-2,3-dihydropyran-2-yl]ethyl]-2,16-dimethyl-8-oxapentacyclo[9.7.0.02,7.07,9.012,16]octadecan-3-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~105.80 mM)
|
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (2.64 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1159 mL | 10.5795 mL | 21.1591 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4232 mL | 2.1159 mL | 4.2318 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2116 mL | 1.0580 mL | 2.1159 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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