| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Diethyl maleate is a thiol-reactive α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound that depletes glutathione (GSH) in exposed cells. It inhibits NF-kB. By depleting glutathione, it modulates pathways associated with cancer and cell growth.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, diethyl maleate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of various organic compounds, including polyaspartic acid ester-based polyurea coatings. It is recognized for its ability to deplete glutathione. It induces upregulation of GSH metabolism and downregulation of cancer and chemokine signaling pathways.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, diethyl maleate is not used as a therapeutic agent. Its primary applications are in chemical synthesis and research. It induces oxidative stress and glutathione depletion, affecting reproductive ability in male mice.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for diethyl maleate typically involve studying its role as a glutathione-depleting agent. Cells are treated with the compound, and glutathione levels are measured. The compound's ability to inhibit NF-kB is also assessed.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell-based assays for diethyl maleate involve treating cells with the compound and measuring glutathione levels, NF-kB activity, and cell viability. The compound's effects on redox balance and signaling pathways are assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for diethyl maleate are limited. The compound is primarily used in research applications. It has been studied for its effects on oxidative stress and reproductive ability in male mice.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of diethyl maleate are not relevant for therapeutic applications. The compound has a molecular weight of 172.18 g/mol. It is a clear, colorless liquid.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Diethyl maleate is an irritant. It should be handled with appropriate safety precautions. Its toxicity is related to its ability to deplete glutathione.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Diethyl maleate is a maleic ester formed by the condensation of the two carboxyl groups of maleic acid with ethanol. It is a colorless liquid at room temperature (melting point -10°C) and has a boiling point of 220°C at 1 atmosphere. It is commonly used as a diephile in Diels-Alder cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis. It also has the effect of consuming glutathione. It is both a maleic ester and an ethyl ester. Its functional group is related to ethanol.
See also: 2-Butenic acid (2Z)-, di-C8-15-alkyl ester (note moved to). Diethyl maleate is used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a glutathione-depleting compound in research. It is not approved for therapeutic use. The compound is valuable for studying redox biology and NF-kB signaling. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8H12O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
172.18
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| Exact Mass |
172.073
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| CAS # |
141-05-9
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| PubChem CID |
5271566
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| Appearance |
Colorless to light yellow liquid
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
214.0±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
−10 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
93.3±0.0 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.2±0.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.443
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| LogP |
1.68
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
0
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
6
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| Heavy Atom Count |
12
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| Complexity |
164
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
CCOC(=O)/C=C\C(=O)OCC
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| Synonyms |
NSC-8394; NSC 8394; Diethyl maleate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
Ethanol :≥ 100 mg/mL (~580.79 mM)
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~580.79 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 9.09 mg/mL (52.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 90.9 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.8079 mL | 29.0394 mL | 58.0788 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.1616 mL | 5.8079 mL | 11.6158 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5808 mL | 2.9039 mL | 5.8079 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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