| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1mg |
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| 5mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
TLR4/MyD88-mTOR signaling pathway (modulator). The compound modulates the TLR4/MyD88-mTOR signaling pathway in microglial cells. By interfering with this pathway, it attenuates the neuroinflammatory response triggered by LPS/ATP stimulation. The specific molecular target has not been identified, but it modulates key nodes in the inflammatory cascade.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Dichotomine B attenuates LPS/ATP-induced neuroinflammatory responses in BV2 microglia. It modulates the TLR4/MyD88-mTOR signaling pathway, leading to reduced production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Preliminary studies suggest potential anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects, although detailed IC50 values and full pharmacological characterization are lacking.
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| ln Vivo |
No detailed in vivo efficacy studies have been published for Dichotomine B. As a natural product with anti-inflammatory properties, it is expected to have activity in animal models of neuroinflammation, such as LPS-induced systemic inflammation in mice. However, specific in vivo data are not available in the current literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Dichotomine B: Cell-free assays are not applicable as the compound modulates a cellular signaling pathway. For pathway analysis, cell lysates from treated BV2 microglia are prepared and analyzed by Western blotting for key proteins in the TLR4/MyD88-mTOR pathway. Antibodies against TLR4, MyD88, phospho-mTOR, and total mTOR are used. Protein band intensities are quantified by densitometry and normalized to loading controls.
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| Cell Assay |
For cell-based assays: BV2 mouse microglial cells are seeded in culture plates and pre-incubated with Dichotomine B (1-50 uM, 2-4 h). Cells are then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 ug/mL) and ATP (1 mM) to induce inflammatory activation. After 12-24 h, cell culture supernatants are collected for measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6) by ELISA.
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| Animal Protocol |
No animal studies have been reported for Dichotomine B. A typical protocol for studying neuroinflammation would involve administration of Dichotomine B to mice via intraperitoneal or oral route at doses of 10-50 mg/kg for 7-14 days, followed by LPS challenge (5 mg/kg, IP). Brain tissues would be collected for analysis of microglial activation (Iba-1 immunohistochemistry) and inflammatory cytokine levels (qPCR, ELISA).
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
PK properties have not been formally studied for Dichotomine B. As a natural alkaloid (MW 272.26, LogP 0.7), it is expected to have moderate oral absorption and aqueous solubility. In vivo formulation may use 10% DMSO + 90% corn oil for intraperitoneal administration.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No toxicity data have been reported for Dichotomine B. As a natural product with anti-inflammatory properties, it is expected to have a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses. However, detailed toxicological studies have not been conducted. The compound is for research use only and not intended for human consumption.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Reports indicate that diphenylamine B has been found in Stellaria dichotoma, and relevant data are available for reference.
Dichotomine B is a research compound not yet approved for clinical use. It is a valuable natural product tool for studying the TLR4/MyD88-mTOR inflammatory pathway and microglial activation. It has potential applications in neuroinflammatory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and other CNS conditions where neuroinflammation plays a key role. |
| Molecular Formula |
C14H12N2O4
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
272.2561
|
| Exact Mass |
272.079
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| CAS # |
755036-41-0
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| PubChem CID |
11173314
|
| Appearance |
Off-white to light yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
0.7
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
3
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
20
|
| Complexity |
378
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
1
|
| SMILES |
O([H])[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O[H])C1=C2C(=C([H])C(C(=O)O[H])=N1)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1N2[H]
|
| InChi Key |
PKSXEHHRROSXPR-NSHDSACASA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C14H12N2O4/c17-6-11(18)13-12-8(5-10(16-13)14(19)20)7-3-1-2-4-9(7)15-12/h1-5,11,15,17-18H,6H2,(H,19,20)/t11-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
1-[(1R)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~12.5 mg/mL (~45.91 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.25 mg/mL (4.59 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 12.5 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.6730 mL | 18.3648 mL | 36.7296 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7346 mL | 3.6730 mL | 7.3459 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3673 mL | 1.8365 mL | 3.6730 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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