| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 100mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Reactive electrophilic metabolites (drug metabolites, CYP450-generated intermediates).
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Dansylglutathione is utilized as a capture agent to allow measurement of adducts following in vitro incubation of medicines with human liver microsomes in the presence or absence of NADPH [1].
In vitro, dansyl glutathione serves as a robust nucleophile that traps transient electrophilic metabolites generated by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes during drug metabolism. The dansyl labeling allows for enhanced detection sensitivity by LC-MS/MS, making it valuable for early drug-induced toxicity screening. The compound is used to quantify adduct formation following in vitro incubation of drugs with human liver microsomes in the presence or absence of NADPH. |
| ln Vivo |
Dansyl glutathione is not used as a therapeutic agent in vivo; it is a reagent for in vitro metabolism studies. No in vivo activity data are reported, as the compound is used exclusively as an analytical tool in drug metabolism research.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Reactive metabolite trapping assays are performed using human liver microsomes (HLM) or recombinant CYP450 enzymes. The incubation mixture contains 0.5-1.0 mg/mL microsomal protein, 1-5 mM NADPH (or NADPH-regenerating system), 1-5 mM dansyl glutathione, and the test compound (1-100 microM) in 100 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). Incubations are carried out at 37degC for 30-60 minutes. Reactions are terminated by adding ice-cold acetonitrile containing internal standard. Samples are centrifuged and supernatants are analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Dansyl glutathione adducts are detected using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) transitions specific for the dansyl moiety. Adduct formation is quantified by comparison to standard curves prepared with authentic standards or by relative peak area comparison. No binding assays are performed as the compound functions as a trapping reagent rather than a receptor ligand.
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| Cell Assay |
No cell-based assays are performed with dansyl glutathione as the compound is used in cell-free microsomal incubation systems. However, the compound can be used in hepatocyte cultures where cells are incubated with test compounds and dansyl glutathione in the medium to trap reactive metabolites formed intracellularly. Hepatocytes are seeded in 6- or 24-well plates, treated with test compounds and dansyl glutathione (1-5 mM), and incubated for 2-24 hours. Culture medium and cell lysates are collected and analyzed by LC-MS/MS for metabolite adduct detection. Cell viability can be assessed by LDH release or MTT assays to evaluate compound toxicity.
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| Animal Protocol |
Dansyl glutathione is a reagent and not administered to animals. It is used exclusively in in vitro metabolism studies. No in vivo animal experimental protocols are applicable for this compound. The compound may be used in ex vivo studies where liver microsomes or hepatocytes isolated from animals are used for metabolism experiments, following the same protocols described for in vitro enzyme/ receptor binding experiments.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of dansyl glutathione as a trapping agent are not relevant, as it is not administered systemically. The compound is stable in aqueous solutions and organic solvents. It is soluble in DMSO and other appropriate solvents for assay preparation. The dansyl fluorophore provides fluorescence properties that may be used for detection, though LC-MS/MS is the primary analytical method for metabolite adduct quantification.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No toxicity data are reported for dansyl glutathione as it is a research reagent and not intended for human use. The compound is handled as a laboratory chemical with standard safety precautions. Glutathione derivatives are generally well-tolerated in vitro, but appropriate protective measures (gloves, lab coat, eye protection) should be used when handling.
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| References |
[1]. Gan J, et al. In vitro screening of 50 highly prescribed drugs for thiol adduct formation--comparison of potential for drug-induced toxicity and extent of adduct formation. Chem Res Toxicol. 2009 Apr;22(4):690-8.
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| Additional Infomation |
Dansyl glutathione (DNS-glutathione) is a fluorescent trapping agent used in drug metabolism and toxicology research. It is a dansyl-labeled glutathione derivative that enhances LC-MS/MS sensitivity for reactive metabolite identification in early drug-induced toxicity screening. The compound is used to trap transient electrophilic metabolites generated by CYP450 enzymes. It is a non-radiolabeled, low-molecular-weight (540.6 g/mol) fluorescent conjugate. Dansyl glutathione is not an approved drug; it is exclusively a research reagent for studying drug metabolism and reactive metabolite formation. It is available as a high-purity compound for research use only.
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| Molecular Formula |
C22H28N4O8S2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
540.6097
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| Exact Mass |
540.134
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| CAS # |
75017-02-6
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| PubChem CID |
129723635
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
0.8
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
6
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
13
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| Heavy Atom Count |
36
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| Complexity |
908
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
CN(C)C1=CC=CC2=C1C=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
FFXGOBFBYCOXAJ-HOTGVXAUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C22H28N4O8S2/c1-26(2)17-7-3-6-14-13(17)5-4-8-18(14)36(33,34)25-15(22(31)32)9-10-19(27)24-16(12-35)21(30)23-11-20(28)29/h3-8,15-16,25,35H,9-12H2,1-2H3,(H,23,30)(H,24,27)(H,28,29)(H,31,32)/t15-,16-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2S)-5-[[(2R)-1-(carboxymethylamino)-1-oxo-3-sulfanylpropan-2-yl]amino]-2-[[5-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl]sulfonylamino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: (1). This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. (2). Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~184.98 mM)
H2O : ~50 mg/mL (~92.49 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (3.85 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.8498 mL | 9.2488 mL | 18.4976 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3700 mL | 1.8498 mL | 3.6995 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1850 mL | 0.9249 mL | 1.8498 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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