| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500mg |
|
| Targets |
D-Melibiose targets the lac repressor molecule, permitting activation of the lac operon. As a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose, it serves as a substrate for α-galactosidase. The compound is used in studies of carbohydrate metabolism in bacteria and yeast. Its mechanism involves binding to the lac repressor and inducing conformational changes that allow transcription of the lac operon.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, D-Melibiose is a disaccharide composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage. It serves as a substrate for studying α-galactosidase activity and carbohydrate metabolism in bacteria and yeast. The compound is an effector molecule that permits activation of the lac operon by binding to the repressor molecule. It is found in legumes and honey.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, D-Melibiose is a naturally occurring disaccharide found in legumes and honey. It is used in biochemical and microbiological research. The compound's role as an effector molecule in lac operon activation is well-established in bacterial systems. Its potential therapeutic and industrial applications have gained attention in scientific research. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize its physiological roles.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme assays for D-Melibiose involve measuring α-galactosidase activity. α-Galactosidase activity is assessed by monitoring the hydrolysis of D-Melibiose to galactose and glucose using spectrophotometric or chromatographic methods. For lac operon studies, bacterial cultures are treated with D-Melibiose and lac operon expression is measured. Carbohydrate metabolism studies assess the utilization of D-Melibiose by bacteria and yeast. Assays are performed in appropriate buffer systems with positive controls such as known α-galactosidase substrates.
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| Cell Assay |
D-Melibiose cell-based assays are conducted in bacterial and yeast cultures. Microorganisms are cultured in appropriate media containing D-Melibiose as the carbon source. Growth and metabolism are assessed by measuring optical density and metabolite production. For lac operon studies, reporter gene expression is measured. Experiments are performed in triplicate with appropriate positive and negative controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
D-Melibiose in vivo studies are conducted in animal models for metabolic research. Animals are administered D-Melibiose via oral administration or injection. Carbohydrate metabolism and gut microbiota composition are assessed. For prebiotic studies, the compound's effect on gut health is evaluated. Animals are monitored for clinical signs. Tissues and blood samples are collected for biochemical analysis at study endpoints. Studies are conducted in accordance with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
D-Melibiose (MW 342.30 g/mol, C12H22O11) is a reducing disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose. It is found in legumes and honey. The compound is soluble in water. It is stable under recommended storage conditions. D-Melibiose is used in biochemical and microbiological research. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as half-life, bioavailability, and tissue distribution would be determined in species-specific studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
D-Melibiose is generally well-tolerated as a naturally occurring disaccharide. The compound is found in legumes and honey and is consumed in the diet. No significant adverse effects have been reported in the available literature at research-use concentrations. The compound is intended for research use only. Standard laboratory safety practices should be employed when handling this compound. Comprehensive toxicological evaluation would be required for therapeutic development.
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| Additional Infomation |
D-Melibiose is a reducing disaccharide composed of one galactose and one glucose moiety in an alpha (1-6) glycosidic linkage. It is found in legumes and honey and is an effector molecule that permits lac operon activation. The compound is used to study α-galactosidase activity and carbohydrate metabolism in bacteria and yeast. Its molecular formula is C12H22O11 with a molecular weight of 342.30 g/mol. All applications are limited to non-human research use.
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| Molecular Formula |
C12H24O12
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
360.3118
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| Exact Mass |
342.116
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| CAS # |
585-99-9
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| PubChem CID |
71308738
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
662.8±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
182ºC (dec.)(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
354.6±31.5 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±4.6 mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.652
|
| LogP |
-3.2
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
9
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
12
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
8
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
24
|
| Complexity |
367
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
|
| SMILES |
C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C=O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O.O
|
| InChi Key |
CHIDEFLSUMQFBY-CQIZOMOZSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C12H22O11.H2O/c13-1-4(15)7(17)8(18)5(16)3-22-12-11(21)10(20)9(19)6(2-14)23-12;/h1,4-12,14-21H,2-3H2;1H2/t4-,5+,6+,7+,8+,9-,10-,11+,12-;/m0./s1
|
| Chemical Name |
(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxy-6-[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyhexanal;hydrate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ~125 mg/mL (~365.18 mM)
DMSO : ~8.33 mg/mL (~24.34 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 50 mg/mL (146.07 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.7754 mL | 13.8769 mL | 27.7539 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5551 mL | 2.7754 mL | 5.5508 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2775 mL | 1.3877 mL | 2.7754 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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