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| 5g |
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- D-Arabitol affected spontaneous neuronal network activity in primary rat cortical neurons cultured on microelectrode arrays (MEAs). At concentrations of 0.5–10 mM, D-Arabitol dose-dependently reduced the frequency of network bursts (a measure of synchronized neuronal activity). At 5 mM, the burst frequency decreased by ~35% compared to the untreated control; at 10 mM, the reduction reached ~60%. The amplitude of bursts was also reduced, with a ~25% decrease at 5 mM and ~45% decrease at 10 mM. No complete inhibition of neuronal activity was observed even at 10 mM [1]
- D-Arabitol (2–10 mM) did not induce significant neuronal cell death or change cell viability (assessed via trypan blue exclusion assay) after 48 h of treatment, indicating its effect was on neuronal function rather than cell survival [1] |
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| Cell Assay |
- For neuronal network activity detection (Reference [1]):
1. Primary rat cortical neurons were isolated from embryonic day 18–20 rat embryos and cultured on MEA plates (each plate containing 64 electrodes) in neurobasal medium supplemented with growth factors. Cultures were maintained for 14–21 days to form mature neuronal networks. 2. D-Arabitol was dissolved in the culture medium to final concentrations of 0.5, 2, 5, and 10 mM. The vehicle control was culture medium without D-Arabitol. 3. Neuronal network activity was recorded continuously for 2 h before and 4 h after D-Arabitol treatment using MEA recording software. Key parameters measured included burst frequency (number of bursts per minute), burst amplitude (peak voltage of bursts), and burst duration. 4. After recording, cell viability was assessed by adding trypan blue to the culture, and viable cells were counted under a light microscope [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
D-Arabatolitol is the D-enantiomer of arabinitol. It is the enantiomer of L-arabinitol. D-Arabatolitol has been reported to exist in Pisolithus tinctorius, Ascochyta medicaginicola, and other organisms for which relevant data exist.
- D-arabinitol is a pentose sugar alcohol (polyol) that accumulates abnormally in some patients with congenital metabolic defects, such as arabinitol dehydrogenase deficiency or fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency[1] - This study suggests that D-arabinitol's reduction of neuronal network activity may be related to osmotic effects or interference with intracellular ion homeostasis (e.g., changes in Ca²⁺ or Na⁺ levels), which may lead to neurological symptoms (e.g., seizures, developmental delays) in patients with D-arabinitol accumulation[1] - D-arabinitol has a structure similar to other polyols (e.g., ribitol), but has a stronger inhibitory effect on neuronal network activity: at a concentration of 5 mM, ribitol reduces burst frequency by about 20%, while D-arabinitol reduces burst frequency by about 35% under the same conditions[1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H12O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
152.1458
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| Exact Mass |
152.068
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| CAS # |
488-82-4
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| Related CAS # |
D-Arabitol-13C;D-Arabitol-13C-1;D-Arabitol-13C-2
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| PubChem CID |
94154
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.5±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
494.5±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
101-104ºC
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| Flash Point |
261.9±21.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.9 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.571
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| LogP |
-3.77
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
5
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
4
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| Heavy Atom Count |
10
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| Complexity |
76.1
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C([C@H](C([C@@H](CO)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-QWWZWVQMSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H12O5/c6-1-3(8)5(10)4(9)2-7/h3-10H,1-2H2/t3-,4-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(2R,4R)-pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~657.25 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (16.43 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 6.5725 mL | 32.8623 mL | 65.7246 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.3145 mL | 6.5725 mL | 13.1449 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.6572 mL | 3.2862 mL | 6.5725 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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