| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Targets |
Coumestrol primarily targets the estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ. It acts as an agonist at these receptors, competitively binding to them. It also inhibits 17-β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase. Additionally, coumestrol is a novel inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of Sirt1 and suppresses the accumulation of HIF-1α via suppression of the SPHK1 pathway. It targets elevated copper for redox cycling to generate ROS leading to DNA fragmentation.
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| ln Vitro |
Cystrol suppresses vitality and tone and promotes the recruitment of ES2 (clear cell/serious carcinogen) cells by means of PI3K and ERK1/2 MAPK. Furthermore, immunoreactive PCNA expression and ERBB2 (a late cancer repair signature) were found in ES2 cell death triggered by cholesterol. Coumestrol administration inactivates the phosphorylation of AKT, p70S6K, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and p90RSK in a time- and dose-regulated manner [1]. Neocuproline and ROS scavenger, a copper linker combination, prevents the apoptotic process that is triggered by caffeine's inhibition of MCF-7 cell proliferation. Treatment with cholesterol causes DNA fragmentation and ROS production, as well as p53 and p21 overexpression, G1/S phase cell cycle growth, deminimization of the midmembrane, and caspase 9/3 activation [2].
Coumestrol exhibits potent estrogenic activity in vitro, binding to estrogen receptors with high affinity. It induces mitochondrial biogenesis through Sirt1 activation. In hypoxic PC-3 cells, it suppresses the accumulation of HIF-1α by inhibiting the SPHK1 pathway. It also promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species by targeting elevated copper, which leads to DNA fragmentation. These activities contribute to its diverse biological effects. |
| ln Vivo |
Coumestrol has been shown to bind to estrogen receptor sites in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in vitro. As a phytoestrogen, it can exert estrogenic effects in vivo. It is an inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis and has been associated with reproductive and teratogenic effects in animal studies. Its ability to modulate estrogen signaling pathways makes it a compound of interest for studying hormone-related cancers and other conditions.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Coumestrol is evaluated in cell-free receptor binding assays to determine its affinity for estrogen receptors. Radioligand binding displacement assays are performed using membrane preparations expressing ERα and ERβ. Competition binding experiments are conducted with increasing concentrations of Coumestrol and a fixed concentration of a labeled reference ligand, such as 17β-estradiol. IC50 values are determined to quantify the potency of receptor binding.
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| Cell Assay |
Coumestrol is assessed in cell-based assays using human breast cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7 cells, which express estrogen receptors. Cells are treated with Coumestrol, and estrogen receptor-mediated transcriptional activity is measured using reporter gene assays. The compound's effects on cell proliferation, gene expression, and signaling pathways such as Sirt1 and HIF-1α are evaluated.
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| Animal Protocol |
Coumestrol is administered in animal models to study its estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. It has been reported to have reproductive and teratogenic effects. In vivo studies can assess its impact on estrogen-sensitive tissues, such as the uterus and mammary glands. Its ability to induce mitochondrial biogenesis and modulate HIF-1α pathways can also be investigated in appropriate disease models.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Coumestrol has a molecular formula of C15H8O5 and a molecular weight of 268.22. Its CAS number is 479-13-0. The compound is a solid with a melting point of 385 °C. It is soluble in DMSO and is typically stored under recommended conditions to maintain stability. It is also known by the synonyms Cumoestrol and Cumoesterol.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
In animal studies, coumestrol has been reported to have reproductive and teratogenic effects. These toxicological properties are consistent with its activity as a potent phytoestrogen. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human therapeutic use. Appropriate safety precautions should be taken when handling this compound due to its potential endocrine-disrupting effects.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Coumestrol belongs to the Coumestrol class of compounds, with a structure consisting of hydroxyl substituents at positions 3 and 9. It possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and phytometrogenic activities. Coumestrol belongs to the Coumestrol class, δ-lactone, and polyphenolic compounds, and its functions are related to those of Coumestrol. Coumestrol has been reported to be found in soybean (Glycine max), Campylotropis hirtella, and other organisms with relevant data. It is a naturally occurring daidzein derivative found in forage crops and possesses certain estrogenic activity. See also: Coumestrol (subclass); Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) whole plant (part).
Coumestrol is a phytoestrogen and a potent inhibitor of 17-β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase. It is a natural product found in alfalfa, clover, and soy sprouts. It is also a novel inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis through Sirt1 activation. The compound is not approved for clinical use and is supplied for research purposes only. |
| Molecular Formula |
C15H8O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
268.22
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| Exact Mass |
268.037
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| CAS # |
479-13-0
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| PubChem CID |
5281707
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| Appearance |
Light yellow to brown solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
406.0±24.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
≥350ºC(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
199.3±22.9 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.768
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| LogP |
2.94
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
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| Heavy Atom Count |
20
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| Complexity |
411
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
ZZIALNLLNHEQPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C15H8O5/c16-7-1-3-9-11(5-7)19-14-10-4-2-8(17)6-12(10)20-15(18)13(9)14/h1-6,16-17H
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| Chemical Name |
3,9-dihydroxy-[1]benzofuro[3,2-c]chromen-6-one
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| Synonyms |
BRN0266702; BRN 0266702; Coumestrol
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~93.21 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.32 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.7283 mL | 18.6414 mL | 37.2828 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7457 mL | 3.7283 mL | 7.4566 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3728 mL | 1.8641 mL | 3.7283 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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