| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Cinchophen acts as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. It can stabilize lysosomal membranes, reducing the release of lysosomal contents. It has analgesic and antimicrobial effects. Its mechanism involves the inhibition of inflammation and alleviation of pain.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Cinchophen has antimicrobial effects. It stabilizes lysosomal membranes, reducing the release of lysosomal contents. It is a potent C-Fos stimulator. Its anti-inflammatory activity is assessed in cell-based models.
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| ln Vivo |
Good sex dogs with osteoarthritis can benefit from a 14-day regimen of oral tube feeding (cinchophen; 25–44 mg/kg; twice daily) plus prednisolone (0.125–0.220 mg/kg; twice daily). This combination is both efficacious and well-tolerated. With clinical efficacy comparable to phenylbutazone, the combination markedly improved lameness, weight-bearing, joint mobility, and stiffness scores [2]. Testing was done on the kinetics and effectiveness of a combined formulation of prednisolone (PLT) and cincophenol. A dose of 12.5 mg/kg of cinchophen was given intravenously. Its volume of distribution (Vd area) was 0.13 L/kg, its clearance (Cl) was 0.15 L/h, and its half-life (t1/2β) was 7.92 hours. In dogs, the AUC0-∞ for blood drug concentration-time curve is 1187.0 μ/ml.h[2]. A single dose of 12.5 mg/kg of cinchophene administered orally produced a mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 77.75 μg/ml and a time to Cmax (tmax) of 2.76 hours. Oral dosing results in a plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-∞) that is nearly twice as large as intravenous administration, meaning that oral bioavailability (F) is 87.21% [2].
In vivo, Cinchophen is an orally active NSAID. It has analgesic and antipyretic effects. It is used for the treatment of arthritis. However, due to its potential hepatotoxicity, it is no longer widely used in human medicine. |
| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro assays for Cinchophen typically measure its anti-inflammatory activity. This can be assessed by measuring its ability to inhibit COX enzymes or by measuring its effects on cytokine production in immune cells. Its antimicrobial activity is assessed using broth microdilution methods.
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| Cell Assay |
Cellular assays for Cinchophen are performed using immune cells or synovial cells. Cells are treated with the compound, and the production of inflammatory mediators (e.g., prostaglandins, cytokines) is measured. Its effects on cell viability and lysosomal stability are also assessed.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies with Cinchophen are conducted in models of arthritis, such as the adjuvant-induced arthritis model. The compound is administered orally. Paw swelling and pain threshold are measured. Its efficacy in reducing inflammation and pain is assessed. Its hepatotoxicity is also monitored.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Metabolism / Metabolites
Following administration of amantadine, 2% of 2-O-oxyphenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid is excreted in human urine. /Excerpt from Table/ In dogs, 8-hydroxy-2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid and 2-(p-hydroxyphenyl)quinoline-4-carboxylic acid are produced: HARTIALA, K, TERHO, T & HAKKINEN, I; BIOCHEM PHARMAC, 16, 843 (1967). /Excerpt from Table/ Biological Half-Life In human blood, the half-life after administration of cinchophen is 4–4.5 hours. Cinchophen is orally active. Its molecular weight is 249.26 g/mol. For research use, it is typically dissolved in DMSO for in vitro studies. Its half-life and metabolic profile have been characterized. |
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Interactions
In dogs, cinchophene had no effect on the excretion of iodobenzoic acid, but increased the bile and urinary excretion of iodobenzoic acid. Cinchophen can cause hepatotoxicity, which has limited its use. Other side effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances. It should be used with caution. |
| References |
[1]. R.G. Snyder, M.D, et al. The use of cinchophen in the treatment of chronic arthritis. THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR THE STUDY AND CONTROL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASE
[2]. Q. A. McKellar, et al. Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of a cinchophen and prednisolone combination in the dog. Jsap. Volume32, Issue2. February 1991 |
| Additional Infomation |
2-Phenylon-4-quinoline carboxylic acid is a quinoline compound.
Therapeutic Uses Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug /Formerly used as/an analgesic for acute gout, with a faster onset of action than colchicine and no adverse side effects. Dosage: Oral, 0.5 g. Formerly used as a uricosuric, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory agent. Drug Warnings Cincophen and its various derivatives have a very high incidence of jaundice and indicate severe degenerative and necrotic changes in the liver; therefore, these drugs have been widely discontinued. Quinidine, when administered parenterally shortly after or concurrently with tubocurarine, may enhance or cause a recurrence of the neuromuscular effects of tubocurarine…although no drug interactions have been found. Other Cinchonines (such as cinchona phenol and quinine) have been documented to interact with tubocurarine. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that toxapine can enhance the antiarrhythmic and cardiac depressant effects of quinidine. ...Cinchonines and quinine are drugs associated with quinidine. Other Cinchonines, such as Cinchonines and quinine, apparently exert direct hypoprothrombinemia by inhibiting the liver enzyme system that synthesizes vitamin K-dependent factors...and may also interact with warfarin. Cinchophen is a quinoline-derivative NSAID with analgesic and antimicrobial properties. It was used for the treatment of arthritis but is no longer widely used in human medicine due to hepatotoxicity. It is still occasionally used in veterinary settings. Cinchophen is used as a research tool to study inflammation and pain. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H11NO2
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
249.27
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| Exact Mass |
249.078
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| CAS # |
132-60-5
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| PubChem CID |
8593
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| Appearance |
NEEDLES FROM METHANOL OR DILUTED ALCOHOL
WHITE OR YELLOWISH CRYSTALS OR POWDER SMALL, WHITE, NEEDLE-LIKE CRYSTALS |
| Density |
1.3±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
456.9±33.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
213-216ºC
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| Flash Point |
230.1±25.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.682
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| LogP |
3.99
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
1
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
19
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| Complexity |
325
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
O([H])C(C1=C([H])C(C2C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C=2[H])=NC2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C21)=O
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| InChi Key |
YTRMTPPVNRALON-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H11NO2/c18-16(19)13-10-15(11-6-2-1-3-7-11)17-14-9-5-4-8-12(13)14/h1-10H,(H,18,19)
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| Chemical Name |
2-phenylquinoline-4-carboxylic acid
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| Synonyms |
Agotan; Mylofanol; Cinchopen
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~83.33 mg/mL (~334.31 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (10.03 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 4.0117 mL | 20.0586 mL | 40.1171 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.8023 mL | 4.0117 mL | 8.0234 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.4012 mL | 2.0059 mL | 4.0117 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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