| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Targets |
Chinonin (Mangiferin) acts as an Nrf2 activator and suppresses nuclear translocation of NF-κB subunits p65 and p50. It also targets aldose reductase (AKR1B1) as an inhibitor. Antinociceptive effects are mediated via peripheral opioidergic system activation of δ, κ, and possibly µ receptors.
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| ln Vitro |
Mangiferin is a cellular flavonoid that has been isolated from Gentianaceae and Anacardiaceae plants. In HL-60 cells, mangiferin (50 μM) markedly boosted the accumulation of Nrf2 protein, particularly in the nucleus. Mangiferin also considerably increased the expression of NAD (P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), decreased intracellular ROS in HL60 cells, and improved the binding of Nrf2 to antioxidant response components (ARE). The growth of HL-60 cells was quantitatively reduced by mangiferin alone. Mangiferin considerably reduces oxidation in mononuclear cells (MNC) but stops embolism-induced cytotoxicity [1]. Natural plant polyphenol mangiferin has a range of pharmacological characteristics. Many plants, including Mangifera indica, contain mangiferin. Mangiferin inhibits TNF-α transcription and NF-κB activity, which in turn inhibits MMP-9 mRNA and protein expression and LNCaP cell solubility. After 24 hours of varying treatments, MTT was carried out to measure the concentration of mangiferin in the presence or absence of TNF-α under serum and serum-free conditions in order to assess if mangiferin impacts the viability of LNCaP cells. Under serum and serum-free circumstances, LNCaP cells treated with up to 400 μM mangiferin did not exhibit substantial cytotoxicity. Furthermore, mangiferin had no effect on cell survival when TNF-α (20 ng/mL) was present. In TNF-stimulated LNCaP cells, treatment with mangiferin (400 μM) dramatically decreased NF-κB luciferase activity. The NF-κB activity produced by TNF-α was dramatically reduced after an hour of cleaving with 400 μM mangiferin. Mangiferin (400 μM) dramatically reduced TNF-α-induced MMP-9 production in LNCaP cells, according to RT-PCR [2].
In vitro, mangiferin shows inhibitory effects on A549, H1299, and H2030 lung adenocarcinoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. It exhibits antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative stress. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, mangiferin demonstrates antinociceptive effects in animal pain models mediated by peripheral opioid receptors. It also shows antihyperglycemic and anti-inflammatory activities in diabetic and inflammation animal models.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Mangiferin is typically dissolved in DMSO for stock solutions. In vitro assays evaluate enzyme inhibition (e.g., aldose reductase) using purified enzyme and chromogenic substrates, measuring IC₅₀ values spectrophotometrically. Receptor binding studies for opioid receptors use radioligand displacement assays with membrane preparations.
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| Cell Assay |
Cell viability assays (e.g., MTT) are performed on A549, H1299, and H2030 cells treated with mangiferin at various concentrations and time points (24-72 h). Cells are cultured in appropriate media with 10% FBS at 37°C in 5% CO₂. Inhibition rates are calculated relative to untreated controls.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo efficacy is evaluated in rodent models of pain (e.g., formalin test, hot plate test), diabetes (streptozotocin-induced), and inflammation (carrageenan-induced paw edema). Mangiferin is administered via oral gavage or intraperitoneal injection at various doses, with endpoints including pain threshold, blood glucose, and inflammatory markers.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Mangiferin is a polyphenolic compound with moderate oral bioavailability. It undergoes extensive metabolism via glucuronidation and sulfation. Plasma half-life varies by species and route of administration. It is distributed to various tissues, with relatively high concentrations in the liver and kidneys.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Mangiferin exhibits low acute toxicity in animal studies. The oral LD₅₀ is >1000 mg/kg in rodents. No significant genotoxicity or mutagenicity has been reported. Chronic toxicity studies show a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses.
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| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Mangiferin is a C-glycoside compound composed of 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthan-9-one with a β-D-glucose residue linked at position 6. It possesses hypoglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and plant metabolic effects. Mangiferin belongs to the C-glycoside class of xanthanone compounds and is functionally related to xanthanone. It is the conjugate acid of mangiferin (1-). Mangiferin has been reported to exist in Rigidella, Polygala tenuifolia, and other organisms with relevant data. See also: Mango bark (partial).
Chinonin (Mangiferin) is a natural product extensively studied for its multiple pharmacological properties. It has been investigated in preclinical models for diabetes, cancer, inflammation, and pain. Despite promising preclinical data, it has not yet received regulatory approval as a pharmaceutical drug and remains primarily a research compound and dietary supplement ingredient. |
| Molecular Formula |
C19H18O11
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
422.342
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| Exact Mass |
422.084
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| CAS # |
4773-96-0
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| PubChem CID |
5281647
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| Appearance |
Off-white to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.8±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
842.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
269-270ºC
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| Flash Point |
303.6±27.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.789
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| LogP |
0.13
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
11
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
646
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
5
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| SMILES |
C1=C2C(=CC(=C1O)O)OC3=C(C2=O)C(=C(C(=C3)O)[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
AEDDIBAIWPIIBD-ZJKJAXBQSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C19H18O11/c20-4-11-15(25)17(27)18(28)19(30-11)12-8(23)3-10-13(16(12)26)14(24)5-1-6(21)7(22)2-9(5)29-10/h1-3,11,15,17-23,25-28H,4H2/t11-,15-,17+,18-,19+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]xanthen-9-one
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| Synonyms |
Alpizarin; Mangiferin; Chinonin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~31.25 mg/mL (~73.99 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.92 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3678 mL | 11.8388 mL | 23.6776 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4736 mL | 2.3678 mL | 4.7355 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2368 mL | 1.1839 mL | 2.3678 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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