| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 250mg | |||
| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6) expression in activated microglia. [1]
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
Cauloside D (at high concentrations such as 50 μg/mL) significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) generation in BV2 murine microglial cells in a dose-dependent manner. [1]
Cauloside D (at low concentrations of 1-5 μg/mL) strongly suppressed LPS-induced iNOS protein expression in BV2 cells. [1] Cauloside D showed a relatively strong suppressing effect on the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. [1] In a preliminary cytotoxicity test, treatment with Cauloside D (1-50 μg/mL) for 24 hours did not modulate the viability of BV2 cells. [1] |
| Cell Assay |
Nitrite Assay (Griess Reaction): BV2 microglial cells were cultured in 24-well plates. Cells were co-treated with LPS (100 ng/mL) and various concentrations of Cauloside D for 24 hours. The accumulation of nitrite, a stable oxidation product of NO, in the culture supernatant was measured. Briefly, 50 μL of supernatant was mixed with an equal volume of Griess reagent (1% sulfanilamide and 0.1% N-1-naphthylethylenediamine dihydrochloride in 5% phosphoric acid), and the absorbance was measured at 540 nm. [1]
Immunoblot Analysis (Western Blot): After treatment with LPS and Cauloside D for 24 hours, BV2 cells were washed and lysed. Protein concentrations were determined. Equal amounts of protein were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to a membrane. The membrane was blocked and then incubated with primary antibodies against iNOS, TNF-α, or IL-6, followed by incubation with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies. Protein bands were visualized using an enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit. GAPDH was used as an internal loading control. [1] |
| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Unii-4N5Z068gaz has been reported to exist in Caulophyllum thalictroides, Pulsatilla campanella, and other organisms with relevant data.
See also: Caulophyllum robustum root (part). Caulophyllum saponin D is a triterpenoid saponin component isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Caulophyllum thalictroides. [1] Caulophyllum saponin D contains three glycosyl groups linked to COO- groups. Literature suggests that intracellular esterases may dissociate these glycosyl groups, thereby converting Caulophyllum saponin D into Caulophyllum saponin A intracellularly. [1] Of the Caulophyllum saponins AD tested, Caulophyllum saponin D (and Caulophyllum saponin A) showed relatively strong inhibitory effects on LPS-induced TNF-α expression in microglia. [1] |
| Molecular Formula |
C53H86O22
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
1075.2368
|
| Exact Mass |
1074.56
|
| CAS # |
12672-45-6
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| PubChem CID |
71586956
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
|
| LogP |
-0.9
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
13
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
22
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
12
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
75
|
| Complexity |
2060
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
28
|
| SMILES |
C[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O1)O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]2O)O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H](O3)OC(=O)[C@@]45CC[C@@]6(C(=CC[C@H]7[C@]6(CC[C@@H]8[C@@]7(CC[C@@H]([C@@]8(C)CO)O[C@H]9[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO9)O)O)O)C)C)[C@H]4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)O)O)O)CO)O)O)O
|
| InChi Key |
UEHILKCNLIKLEV-QPMMERAHSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C53H86O22/c1-23-32(57)35(60)39(64)45(70-23)74-42-27(19-54)71-43(41(66)37(42)62)69-21-28-34(59)36(61)40(65)46(72-28)75-47(67)53-16-14-48(2,3)18-25(53)24-8-9-30-49(4)12-11-31(73-44-38(63)33(58)26(56)20-68-44)50(5,22-55)29(49)10-13-52(30,7)51(24,6)15-17-53/h8,23,25-46,54-66H,9-22H2,1-7H3/t23-,25+,26-,27+,28+,29+,30+,31-,32-,33-,34+,35+,36-,37+,38+,39+,40+,41+,42+,43+,44-,45-,46-,49-,50-,51+,52+,53-/m0/s1
|
| Chemical Name |
[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-[[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-[(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl] (4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10S,12aR,14bR)-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~89.50 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (2.24 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 0.9300 mL | 4.6501 mL | 9.3002 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.1860 mL | 0.9300 mL | 1.8600 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.0930 mL | 0.4650 mL | 0.9300 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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