| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| Targets |
Cauloside C primarily targets nitric oxide synthase (NO Synthase), specifically the inducible isoform iNOS. By inhibiting iNOS expression, it reduces the production of nitric oxide, a key inflammatory mediator. It also inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and COX-2. This multi-targeted anti-inflammatory action is characteristic of many natural saponins and contributes to its broad therapeutic potential.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Cauloside C has demonstrated the ability to reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibit the growth of cancer cells. It exerts anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Studies have shown that it can suppress the inflammatory response in various cell models, making it a compound of interest for studying inflammatory diseases. Its anti-cancer activity has been observed in cell culture models, where it inhibits proliferation.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo studies have confirmed the anti-inflammatory and potential anti-cancer activities of Cauloside C. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in animal models. Its ability to improve insulin sensitivity suggests potential applications in treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes. These in vivo effects support its traditional use and highlight its promise as a lead compound for drug development in inflammatory and metabolic diseases.
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| Enzyme Assay |
The in vitro activity of Cauloside C is typically assessed using cell culture models of inflammation. In a common protocol, macrophages (e.g., RAW 264.7 cells) are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce an inflammatory response. The cells are then treated with various concentrations of Cauloside C. After incubation, the levels of inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, are measured in the cell culture supernatant. The inhibition of iNOS expression is often confirmed by Western blot or RT-PCR analysis.
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| Cell Assay |
For cellular studies, Cauloside C is typically dissolved in DMSO and then diluted in cell culture medium. Cells are seeded in multi-well plates and allowed to adhere. They are then pre-treated with Cauloside C for a period (e.g., 1-2 hours) before being stimulated with an inflammatory agent like LPS. After a further incubation, cell viability is assessed to ensure the compound is not cytotoxic at the tested concentrations. Supernatants are collected for cytokine analysis, and cells are harvested for RNA or protein extraction to measure iNOS and cytokine expression.
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| Animal Protocol |
The in vivo efficacy of Cauloside C is evaluated in animal models of inflammation and disease. For example, in a model of acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS, animals are treated with Cauloside C either prophylactically or therapeutically. Parameters such as lung histopathology, inflammatory cell infiltration, and levels of inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are assessed. The compound's ability to reduce these markers of inflammation confirms its in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Dosing in animal models would typically involve oral or intraperitoneal administration of Cauloside C, formulated in a suitable vehicle. The dose and frequency would be determined based on the specific model and the compound's pharmacokinetic properties. While detailed PK data is not standardly reported, as a natural product, its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion would be studied in the context of drug development. Its molecular weight is 766.95.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The safety and toxicity of Cauloside C are not extensively documented in the provided search results. As a natural product with a long history of traditional use, it is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile. However, like any bioactive compound, it would require thorough toxicological evaluation for development as a therapeutic agent. Standard in vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo toxicity studies in rodents would be necessary to determine its safety margins.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Akeboside Std is a triterpenoid compound. Cauloside C has been reported in Lonicera macrantha, Caulophyllum thalictroides, and other organisms for which data are available. See also: Caulophyllum roughtum root (part).
Cauloside C is a triterpene glycoside isolated from Caulophyllum robustum Max. It is a natural product with anti-inflammatory activity mediated through the inhibition of iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines. It also shows potential anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activities. As a research compound, it is of interest for studying inflammation, cancer, and metabolic disorders. It is not an approved drug but represents a promising lead for drug discovery. |
| Molecular Formula |
C41H66O13
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
766.97
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| Exact Mass |
766.45
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| CAS # |
20853-58-1
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| PubChem CID |
13878151
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.35±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
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| Boiling Point |
881.9±65.0 °C(Predicted)
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| Melting Point |
252-255 °C
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| LogP |
2.493
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
8
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
7
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| Heavy Atom Count |
54
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| Complexity |
1460
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
18
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12CC[C@@H]([C@@]([C@@H]1CC[C@@]3([C@@H]2CC=C4[C@]3(CC[C@@]5([C@H]4CC(CC5)(C)C)C(=O)O)C)C)(C)CO)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO6)O)O)O[C@H]7[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O7)CO)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
RROGHRHLBLVQSG-UUWFFIQNSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C41H66O13/c1-36(2)13-15-41(35(49)50)16-14-39(5)21(22(41)17-36)7-8-26-37(3)11-10-27(38(4,20-43)25(37)9-12-40(26,39)6)53-34-32(28(45)23(44)19-51-34)54-33-31(48)30(47)29(46)24(18-42)52-33/h7,22-34,42-48H,8-20H2,1-6H3,(H,49,50)/t22-,23-,24+,25+,26+,27-,28-,29+,30-,31+,32+,33-,34-,37-,38-,39+,40+,41-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(4aS,6aR,6aS,6bR,8aR,9R,10S,12aR,14bS)-10-[(2S,3R,4S,5S)-4,5-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-9-(hydroxymethyl)-2,2,6a,6b,9,12a-hexamethyl-1,3,4,5,6,6a,7,8,8a,10,11,12,13,14b-tetradecahydropicene-4a-carboxylic acid
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| Synonyms |
Fatsiaside D1; Cauloside C; Cauloside C
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: This product requires protection from light (avoid light exposure) during transportation and storage. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~130.39 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3038 mL | 6.5192 mL | 13.0383 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2608 mL | 1.3038 mL | 2.6077 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1304 mL | 0.6519 mL | 1.3038 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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