Cardinamide is a derivative of sulfonylurea that, when administered orally to normal animals, can result in hypoglycemia [2].

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
THE SULFONYLUREAS ARE READILY ABSORBED FROM THE GI TRACT. THE MOST IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE AMONG THE SULFONYLUREAS, FOR CLINICAL PURPOSE, IS IN THEIR DURATION OF ACTION... /SULFONYLUREAS/_
SULFONYLUREAS ARE LARGELY BOUND TO PLASMA PROTEINS & ARE DISTRIBUTED IN THE EXTRACELLULAR SPACE. /SULFONYLUREAS/

---

Metabolism / Metabolites
...IN MAN APPROX ONE-THIRD OF THE EXCRETED DOSE IS REPRESENTED BY THE N-ACETYLATED METABOLITE. LARGE SPECIES VARIATIONS HAVE BEEN DETECTED; THE RABBIT PRODUCES SIGNIFICANT AMT...WHILE MONKEY & DOGS ARE LOW OR VERY LOW ACETYLATORS & MAN OCCUPIES AN INTERMEDIATE POSITION.
THEY ARE HYDROXYLATED IN THE LIVER TO ACTIVE & INACTIVE PRODUCTS WHICH ARE ALMOST TOTALLY EXCRETED IN THE URINE. /SULFONYLUREAS/

Interactions
...SODIUM CARBONATE REDUCED...DRUG'S TERATOGENIC & LETHAL ACTION IN RAT.
DRUGS THAT MAY INCR RISK OF HYPOGLYCEMIA FROM SULFONYLUREAS INCL OTHER HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS, SULFONAMIDES, PROPRANOLOL, SALICYLATES, CLOFIBRATE, PHENYLBUTAZONE, PROBENECID, DICUMAROL, CHLORAMPHENICOL, MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS, & ALCOHOL. /SULFONYLUREAS/
ALCOHOL & SALICYLATES BECAUSE OF THEIR DIRECT HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTION, MAY PRECIPITATE HYPOGLYCEMIC COMA IN PT RECEIVING SULFONYLUREAS. ... PROPRANOLOL, BY INTERFERING WITH GLYCOGENOLYSIS & GLUCAGON RELEASE, ENHANCES THE HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTION OF SULFONYLUREAS. /SULFONYLUREAS/
THE SULFONYLUREA-MEDIATED SECRETION OF INSULIN CAN BE MODIFIED BY CONCOMITANT PERFUSION OF SECOND DRUG THAT DISPLACES SULFONYLUREA IN PANCREAS. THUS, THE DRUG INTERACTION AT THE TARGET ORGAN OR RECEPTOR SITE SHOULD BE UNDERSTOOD TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE DRUG THERAPY.
For more Interactions (Complete) data for 1-BUTYL-3-SULFANILYLUREA (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

[1]. Carbutamide--the first oral antidiabetic. A retrospect. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 1998;106(2):149-51.

[2]. Pharmacology of carbutamide (p-aminophenylsulfonyl butylcarbamide). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1957 Apr;119(4):468-78.

Carbutamide is a sulfonamide and a member of benzenes.
Carbutamide is a first-generation sulfonylurea with hypoglycemic activity. Carbutamide was one of the first sulfonylurea compounds used but was withdrawn from the market due to toxic effects on bone marrow. This agent has a long half-life.
A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)

---

Mechanism of Action
SULFONYLUREAS STIMULATE ISLET TISSUE TO SECRETE INSULIN. ... SULFONYLUREAS CAUSE DEGRANULATION OF THE BETA CELLS, A PHENOMENON ASSOCIATED WITH INCR RATE OF SECRETION OF INSULIN. ...THEY ARE EFFECTIVE IN INSULIN-INDEPENDENT DIABETIC PATIENTS IN WHOM THE PANCREAS RETAINS THE CAPACITY TO SECRETE INSULIN. /SULFONYLUREAS/

---

Therapeutic Uses
Hypoglycemic Agents
MEDICATION (VET): CARBUTAMIDE HAD A SIGNIFICANT ANTITHYROID EFFECT IN RATS WHEN ADDED TO THEIR DIETS FOR 10-14 DAYS. IT REDUCED THYROID (131)-IODINE UPTAKE & REDUCED SYNTHESIS OF THYROXINE.
CARBUTAMIDE.../IS/ A SULFANILAMIDE ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC DRUG USED IN DIABETES...
THE SULFONYLUREAS SHOULD BE USED ONLY IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES OF THE INSULIN-INDEPENDENT TYPE WHO CANNOT BE TREATED WITH DIET ALONE. /SULFONYLUREAS/
HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT

---

Drug Warnings
HEMATOLOGICAL (LEUKOPENIA, AGRANULOCYTOSIS, THROMBOCYTOPENIA, PANCYTOPENIA, & HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA), CUTANEOUS (RASHES, PHOTOSENSITIVITY), GI (NAUSEA, VOMITING, RARELY HEMORRHAGE), & HEPATIC (INCR SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE, CHOLESTATIC JAUNDICE) REACTIONS HAVE BEEN REPORTED. /SULFAMYLUREA/
THE INCREASE IN CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY DURING TREATMENT WITH SULFONYLUREAS...IS THE MAJOR TOXIC EFFECT SO FAR REPORTED. /SULFONYLUREAS/
SULFONYLUREAS SHOULD NOT BE USED IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC OR RENAL INSUFFICIENCY BECAUSE OF THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE LIVER IN THEIR METABOLISM & OF KIDNEY IN EXCRETION OF THE DRUGS & THEIR METABOLITES. INTOLERANCE TO ALCOHOL...OCCURS OCCASIONALLY IN PT TAKING SULFONYLUREAS. /SULFONYLUREAS/
THESE AGENTS ARE...NOT RECOMMENDED FOR USE IN PREGNANCY... TERATOGENESIS IN ANIMALS HAS BEEN OBSERVED TO FOLLOW THE ADMIN OF LARGE DOSES. /SULFONYLUREAS/
For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for 1-BUTYL-3-SULFANILYLUREA (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

C11H17N3O3S

271.33598

271.099

339-43-5

9564

Crystals

1.266g/cm3

144-145ºC

1.564

3.5

3

4

5

18

356

0

NC1C=CC(S(NC(NCCCC)=O)(=O)=O)=CC=1

VDTNNGKXZGSZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C11H17N3O3S/c1-2-3-8-13-11(15)14-18(16,17)10-6-4-9(12)5-7-10/h4-7H,2-3,8,12H2,1H3,(H2,13,14,15)

1-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl-3-butylurea

2934.99.9001

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)

DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~184.27 mM)

Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.17 mg/mL (8.00 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 21.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly.

---

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

---

View More

Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (7.67 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

---

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)