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Bromophenol blue

Cat No.:V17132 Purity: ≥98%
Bromophenol blue indicator (3.0-4.6) is a synthetic dye widely used as an acid-base indicator with a transition range of pH 3.0-4.6.
Bromophenol blue
Bromophenol blue Chemical Structure CAS No.: 115-39-9
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
Size Price Stock Qty
500mg
Other Sizes
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Product Description
Bromophenol blue indicator (3.0-4.6) is a synthetic dye widely used as an acid-base indicator with a transition range of pH 3.0-4.6. Bromophenol blue indicator (3.0-4.6) is water-soluble (H2O-soluble) and changes color from yellow to blue as the pH of the solution changes from acidic to alkaline. Its unique chemical properties make it an important component in a variety of scientific applications, especially in biochemistry and molecular biology. Additionally, it is used as a stain in microbiology and histology. However, Bromophenol blue indicator (3.0-4.6) has potential irritating and staining properties.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
In research pertaining to life sciences, bromophenol blue indicator (3.9–4.6) is a biochemical reagent that can be utilized as biological materials or organic substances.
ADME/Pharmacokinetics
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
Concentrations of bromophenol blue (I) in plasma, urine, and bile were determined spectrophotometrically after intravenous bolus injections and infusions in rats. The plasma concentrations were found to decrease monoexponentially after all doses except the highest, where the decrease was biexponential. Although the disposition kinetics of I were apparently first-order at all doses, the half-life increased with increasing dose. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-infinity) increased disproportionately with increasing dose. The binding of I to rat plasma proteins, as determined by equilibrium dialysis, showed that the fraction bound (96%) remained constant in the concentration range of 10-300 micrograms/ml. Plasma concentrations were determined at time zero after intravenous administration and after a second dose administered 20 min later when plasma concentrations from the first dose were minimal. The apparent first-order elimination rate constant for the plasma concentration decline following the second dose was significantly less than after the first dose, indicating that the residual dye in the liver altered the elimination of I after the second dose. The fraction of the dose in the liver decreased with increasing dose, indicating a saturable uptake process. The biliary excretion profile reflected the uptake saturation that occurred in the liver and demonstrated that the biliary excretion of I depended on the amount present in the liver. When liver damage was induced by exposure to carbon tetrachloride, dye concentrations in the plasma, liver, and kidney increased markedly.
References

[1]. Merianda TT, Lin AC, Lam JS, Vuppalanchi D, Willis DE, Karin N, Holt CE, Twiss JL. A functional equivalent of endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi in axons for secretion of locally synthesized proteins. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2009 Feb;40(2):128-42.

[2]. Nanocellulose for gel electrophoresis. J Colloid Interface Sci. 2019 Mar 22; 540: 148-154.

[3]. Preferential solvation bromophenol blue in water-alcohol binary mixture. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2018 Oct 5; 203: 333-341.

Additional Infomation
Bromophenol blue is 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. It is used as a laboratory indicator, changing from yellow below pH 3 to purple at pH 4.6, and as a size marker for monitoring the progress of agarose gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It has also been used as an industrial dye. It has a role as a two-colour indicator, an acid-base indicator and a dye. It is a sultone, an arenesulfonate ester, a 2,1-benzoxathiole, a member of phenols and an organobromine compound.
A dye that has been used as an industrial dye, a laboratory indicator, and a biological stain.
Therapeutic Uses
/EXPL/ Four dyes in different solutions (light green SF yellowish [LGSF]: 2%; copper(II) phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid [E68]: 2% and 0.5%; bromophenol blue [BPB]: 2%, 1%, and 0.2%; and Chicago blue [CB]: 2% and 0.5%) were included in this investigation. All dyes were dissolved and diluted using balanced salt solution (BSS plus). After triamcinolone-assisted vitrectomy on 10 porcine eyes in vivo, the dyes were first injected into the air-filled vitreous cavity. After 1 minute, the dye was removed by irrigation with BSS, and the staining effect was graded by two examiners. After vitrectomy, the same dyes and concentrations were injected in the air-filled anterior chamber to stain the lens capsule of the same eye. After surgery, the eyes were enucleated and underwent fixation for light and electron microscopy. ... The lens capsule stained very well with E68 2%, CB 2% and 0.5%, and BPB 2%, 1%, and 0.2% but not with LGSF. No histologic abnormalities were seen after the application in any eye after dye injection. No dye-related complications occurred during surgery. ... Because BPB stained the retinal surface and lens capsule at a low concentration (0.2%) with no signs of toxicity, this dye seems to be the most promising candidate for application in humans.
/EXPL/ Rats were injected intravitreally with four dyes: light-green SF yellowish (LGSF), copper(II)phthalocyanine-tetrasulfonic acid (E68), bromphenol blue (BPB), and Chicago blue (CB) dissolved in physiologic saline solution (PSS) at concentrations of 0.5% and 0.02%. PSS served as the control. ... /Only/ BPB or LGSF produced no significantly detectable toxic effects on the retina in vivo...
Newer generation vital dyes for chromovitrectomy include trypan blue, patent blue, triamcinolone acetonide, infracyanine green, sodium fluorescein, bromophenol blue, fluorometholone acetate and brilliant blue. Novel instruments may enable a selective painting of preretinal tissues during chromovitrectomy.
Vital dye for vitreoretinal surgery.
These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C19H10BR4O5S
Molecular Weight
669.9607
Exact Mass
665.698
CAS #
115-39-9
PubChem CID
8272
Appearance
Orange to red solid powder
Density
2.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point
605.6±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point
273 °C
Flash Point
320.1±31.5 °C
Vapour Pressure
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction
1.744
LogP
6.88
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
2
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
5
Rotatable Bond Count
2
Heavy Atom Count
29
Complexity
662
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
InChi Key
UDSAIICHUKSCKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C19H10Br4O5S/c20-12-5-9(6-13(21)17(12)24)19(10-7-14(22)18(25)15(23)8-10)11-3-1-2-4-16(11)29(26,27)28-19/h1-8,24-25H
Chemical Name
2,6-dibromo-4-[3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-2,1λ6-benzoxathiol-3-yl]phenol
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light.
Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~149.26 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.73 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.4926 mL 7.4631 mL 14.9263 mL
5 mM 0.2985 mL 1.4926 mL 2.9853 mL
10 mM 0.1493 mL 0.7463 mL 1.4926 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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What is the mass of compound required to make a 10 mM stock solution in 5 ml of DMSO given that the molecular weight of the compound is 350.26 g/mol?
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What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
Using the equation C1V1 = C2V2, where C1=10 mM, C2=25 μM, V2=25 ml and V1 is the unknown:
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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

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