| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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Purity: ≥98%
| Targets |
Natural product; pentacyclic triterpenoid; PI3K/AKT
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| ln Vitro |
In this study, researchers investigated the effects of α-boswellic acid (ABA) as one of the major component of Boswellia serrata resin on primary fetal human astrocytes under a stress paradigm as a possible model for AD through study on Reelin cascade. For this aim, we used streptozotocin (STZ), in which from an outlook generates Alzheimer's hallmarks in astrocytes, and assayed Reelin expression, Tau and Akt phosphorylation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis in the presences of ABA. Our results indicated that while STZ (100 µM) down-regulated the expression of Reelin, ABA (25 µM) up-regulated its expression (p < 0.01) for 24 h. ABA efficiently reduced hyperphosphorylated Tau (Ser404) in STZ-treated astrocytes (p < 0.01). Furthermore, STZ-induced apoptosis by increasing cleaved caspase three (p < 0.01) and ROS generation (p < 0.01), a further pathological hallmark of Tauopathy. On the other hand, ABA decreased ROS generation and promoted proliferation of astrocytes through elevating Survivin expression (p < 0.01). These results showed that ABA could be considered as a potent therapeutic agent for prevention and decreasing the progression of Alzheimer's hallmarks in astrocytes; however, more in vivo studies would be needed[3].
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| ln Vivo |
Boswellic acids, triterpenoids derived from the genus Boswellia (Burseraceae), are known for their anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor efficacy. Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, non-infectious inflammatory skin disease. However, the effects of α-boswellic acid on atopic dermatitis have not been studied. Therefore, in this study we examined the expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, histopathological analysis, and physiological data from BALB/c mice with atopic-like dermatitis induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and TNF-α/IFN-γ-stimulated HaCaT cells to better understand the agent's anti-atopic dermatitis efficacy. First, we found that α-boswellic reduced the epidermal thickening, mast cell numbers, and dermal infiltration of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene-induced atopic-like dermatitis in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, we also found that α-boswellic acid can restore transepidermal water loss and skin reddening in mice. In human keratinocytes inflamed by TNF-α/IFN-γ, α-boswellic acid inhibited MAP kinase activation and showed a reduction in NF-κB nuclear translocation. Finally, α-boswellic acid can reduce the expression level of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) following the stimulation of TNF-α/IFN-γ in HaCaT cells. Taken together, our study suggests that α-boswellic acids are a potential component for the development of anti-atopic dermatitis drugs[1].
The results showed that α-BA reduced injuries associated with the administration of ethanol, gastric juice acidity and the formation of MDA and increased CAT activity and SOD activity and the level of NO and PGE-2 in a dose-depended manner. The expression of both Nrf2 and HO-1 was significantly increased in the group treated with 200 mg/kg α-BA, which suggested that activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway might be critical in α-BA's prevention of gastric ulcers. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that α-BA decreases oxidative stress and that the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway might play a role in the gastroprotective action of α-BA in ethanol-induced gastric injury in rats.[2] |
| Cell Assay |
MTT Assay[1]
The cell suspension (1 × 105 cells/mL) was cultured in 24-well plates for 24 h. Cells were pretreated with or without α-boswellic acid (1–50 μM) for 1 h, then MTT solution was added and incubated for 4 h. Finally, 200 μL of DMSO was added to each well, and 180 μL was pipetted into 96 wells for absorbance measurement. Absorbance was measured at 550 nm using Tecan’s Sunrise absorbance microplate reader. |
| Animal Protocol |
First, the effect of α-boswellic acid on AD was assessed on DNBC-induced mice. DNBC-induced AD was developed according to a previously reported method. The dorsal hairs of the mice were briefly shaved and then 100 μL and 20 μL of 1% DNCB in ethanol were applied to sensitive dorsal and ear skin for 7 days. Then, from Day 8 to Day 15, 0.5% DNCB solution was re-challenged every three days. The schematic diagram of the animal experiment is shown in Figure 6. Mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, including the normal control group, AD model group (DNCB solution sensitization challenge), α-boswellic acid group (3 and 10 mg/kg), and positive control group dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg). α-Boswellic acid or dexamethasone was injected intraperitoneally every 3 days from Day 5 to Day 15. On Day 15 before sacrifice, the lesions on the back skin of the mice were photographed, including the erythema, edema, crusting, and exfoliation. The dorsal skin was isolated, the skin tissue port was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for histological analysis, and the remaining skin tissue was immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80 °C for subsequent studies.[1]
The gastroprotection of α-BA was assessed with ethanol-induced gastric lesions model, by histopathological assessment and measuring gastric juice acidity (pH), gastric wall mucus (GWM), prostaglandins E2 (PGE-2), membrane lipids peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and amount of nitric oxide (NO). The gastroprotective effects of α-BA through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) anti-oxidative pathway were presented and measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.[2] |
| References |
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| Additional Infomation |
Alpha-Boswellic acid is a triterpenoid.
alpha-Boswellic acid has been reported in Boswellia sacra, Cyclocarya paliurus, and other organisms with data available. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H48O3
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| Molecular Weight |
456.7003
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| Exact Mass |
456.36
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 78.90; H, 10.59; O, 10.51
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| CAS # |
471-66-9
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| PubChem CID |
637234
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
552.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
302.1±26.6 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.557
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| Source |
Boswellia sacra, Cyclocarya paliurus, etc.
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| LogP |
9.43
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
33
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| Complexity |
889
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
9
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| SMILES |
C[C@@]12CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@H]([C@]5(C)C(=O)O)O)C)C)[C@@H]1CC(CC2)(C)C)C
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| InChi Key |
BZXULBWGROURAF-IKNLXHIFSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H48O3/c1-25(2)14-15-26(3)16-17-28(5)19(20(26)18-25)8-9-21-27(4)12-11-23(31)30(7,24(32)33)22(27)10-13-29(21,28)6/h8,20-23,31H,9-18H2,1-7H3,(H,32,33)/t20-,21+,22+,23+,26+,27+,28+,29+,30+/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3R,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-3-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid
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| Synonyms |
alpha-Boswellic acid; 471-66-9; CHEMBL395428; a-Boswellic acid; (3R,4R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aR,12aR,14aR,14bR)-3-hydroxy-4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid; (4R)-3alpha-Hydroxyolean-12-en-24-oic acid; -Boswellic acid; Boswellic acid, alpha;
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~25 mg/mL (~54.74 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: 2.5 mg/mL (5.47 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with sonication.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (5.47 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.1896 mL | 10.9481 mL | 21.8962 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4379 mL | 2.1896 mL | 4.3792 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2190 mL | 1.0948 mL | 2.1896 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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