| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
|---|---|---|---|
| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicity Summary
Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L97) Toxicity Data LD50: 21 mg/kg (Intraperitoneal, Mouse) (T14) LD50: 230 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse) (T14) Non-Human Toxicity Values LD50 Mouse ip 21 mg/kg LD50 Mouse oral 230 mg/kg LD50 Rat oral 21 mg/kg |
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| Additional Infomation |
Therapeutic Uses
Antinematodal Agents As an anthelmintic in the treatment of hookworms. It has been given in 3 doses of 100 mg at 12-hourly intervals or as a single dose of 150 mg. It is recommended that 8 weeks should elapse before a course is repeated. In a survey of 1395 patients with mixed infection treated with bitoscanate the cure-rate for those with hookworms was highest for patients aged 10-14 years who received the total dose of 300 mg. Bitoscanate was effective also against giardiasis and against the dwarf tapeworm Hymenolepis nana. In a survey including 1714 persons, a single dose of bitoscanate 150 mg was considered to be of value for large-scale eradication of hookworms (Ancylostoma and Necator). Bitoscanate (Jonit) was examined for clinical efficacy and safety in 30 hospitalized patients with hookworm infection due to Necator americanus. With 2 doses of 100 mg., each administered 12 hours apart after food, cure was obtained in 16 out of 30 patients. Egg reduction of over 95% occurred in 90% of the patients. The untoward effects observed were mild and limited to the gastrointestinal tract. There was no significant alteration of any of the laboratory tests performed. |
| Molecular Formula |
C8H4N2S2
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
192.25
|
| Exact Mass |
191.982
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| CAS # |
4044-65-9
|
| Appearance |
White to gray solid powder
|
| Density |
1.2g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
339.4ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
129-131 °C(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
167.2ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.000182mmHg at 25°C
|
| Index of Refraction |
1.641
|
| LogP |
3.155
|
| SMILES |
S=C=NC1C([H])=C([H])C(=C([H])C=1[H])N=C=S
|
| InChi Key |
OMWQUXGVXQELIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C8H4N2S2/c11-5-9-7-1-2-8(4-3-7)10-6-12/h1-4H
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| Chemical Name |
1,4-diisothiocyanatobenzene
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| Synonyms |
Hoe 16842Bitoscanate 16842 AI3-28258 HSDB 6435BitoscanatumPhenylene thiocyanate
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~20 mg/mL (~104.03 mM)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2 mg/mL (10.40 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.2016 mL | 26.0078 mL | 52.0156 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0403 mL | 5.2016 mL | 10.4031 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5202 mL | 2.6008 mL | 5.2016 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
| NCT Number | Recruitment | interventions | Conditions | Sponsor/Collaborators | Start Date | Phases |
| NCT01618032 | COMPLETED | Other: HVLA Other: MWM Other: placebo |
Chronic Instability of Joint | CEU San Pablo University | 2010-11 | Not Applicable |
| NCT05515965 | COMPLETED | Other: Kinesiotaping Other: Sham |
Hand Deformity Kinesiotape Rheumatoid Arthritis |
Istanbul Arel University | 2018-04-01 | Not Applicable |
| NCT06081088 | COMPLETED | Other: Graded Motor Imagery (GMI) training
Other: Conventional Physiotherapy Other: Home Exercise Program |
Pain Shoulder Impingement Syndrome |
Marmara University | 2023-10-16 | Not Applicable |
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