| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Benzoylpaeoniflorin targets cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes, making it a dual COX inhibitor. These enzymes are key mediators of the inflammatory response, catalyzing the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins and thromboxanes. The compound inhibits monocyte phagocytosis and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and prostaglandin PGE-2 by monocytes. In addition to its anti-inflammatory effects, benzoylpaeoniflorin targets apoptosis pathways in cardiac cells, increasing the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreasing the levels of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. This suggests that the compound may treat coronary heart disease by decreasing apoptosis. In hepatocytes, benzoylpaeoniflorin activates AMPK and down-regulates lipogenic genes, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN), thereby preventing lipid accumulation.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, benzoylpaeoniflorin has demonstrated potent inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. The compound inhibits monocyte phagocytosis and reduces the production of TNF-α and PGE-2 by monocytes. In studies on coronary heart disease, benzoylpaeoniflorin was shown to increase the levels of Bcl-2 and decrease the levels of Bax in rats, suggesting that it may protect against apoptosis. In hepatocyte studies, benzoylpaeoniflorin prevented lipid accumulation, with concomitant activation of AMPK and down-regulation of lipogenic genes such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). The compound's ability to modulate multiple pathways involved in inflammation, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism makes it a promising candidate for further research.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, benzoylpaeoniflorin has been studied in animal models of coronary heart disease. In rats with coronary heart disease, the compound was shown to restrain apoptosis by increasing the levels of Bcl-2 and decreasing the levels of Bax. This suggests that the compound may have cardioprotective effects and could be useful for the treatment of coronary heart disease. The compound's anti-inflammatory effects, mediated through COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition, may also contribute to its cardioprotective activity. In hepatocyte studies, the compound's ability to prevent lipid accumulation suggests potential for the treatment of fatty liver disease. Further in vivo studies are needed to fully characterize the compound's efficacy and safety profile.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cellular enzyme assays, benzoylpaeoniflorin can be evaluated for COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity using standard enzyme activity assays. The enzymes are incubated with varying concentrations of the compound, and the production of prostaglandins is measured using spectrophotometric or radioimmunoassay methods. The IC₅₀ values for COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition can be determined. For apoptosis studies, the compound's effects on Bcl-2 and Bax protein levels can be assessed using Western blotting or ELISA. For lipid metabolism studies, the compound's activation of AMPK and down-regulation of ACC and FASN can be assessed using enzyme activity assays or Western blotting.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, monocytes can be cultured and treated with benzoylpaeoniflorin. Phagocytosis activity is assessed, and the production of TNF-α and PGE-2 is measured by ELISA. For apoptosis studies, cardiac cells are cultured and treated with the compound, and the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax is analyzed by Western blotting. For hepatocyte studies, hepatocytes are cultured and treated with benzoylpaeoniflorin, and lipid accumulation is assessed by Oil Red O staining. The activation of AMPK and down-regulation of ACC and FASN are analyzed by Western blotting.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, benzoylpaeoniflorin can be administered to animal models of coronary heart disease. The compound's effects on apoptosis are assessed by measuring Bcl-2 and Bax levels in cardiac tissue. For hepatoprotective studies, the compound can be administered to animal models of fatty liver disease, and lipid accumulation in the liver is assessed histologically. The compound's anti-inflammatory effects can be evaluated in models of inflammation by measuring cytokine levels and inflammatory markers.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of benzoylpaeoniflorin include solubility in DMSO (100 mg/mL, 171.06 mM). For oral administration, the compound can be formulated as a homogeneous suspension in CMC-Na at ≥5 mg/mL. The powder should be stored under appropriate conditions. The compound's molecular weight is 584.57. The pharmacokinetic profile of benzoylpaeoniflorin has not been fully characterized. As a natural glycoside, its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion would be expected to depend on its physicochemical properties and the activity of gut microbiota and hepatic enzymes.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicological profile of benzoylpaeoniflorin has not been fully characterized. As a natural product from Paeonia lactiflora, a plant used in traditional medicine, the compound is generally considered to have a favorable safety profile at therapeutic doses. No significant toxicity has been reported in preclinical studies. However, the compound is intended for research use only and is not for human use.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Benzoylpaeoniflorin is a terpene glycoside that functions as a metabolite. It has been reported that benzoylpaeoniflorin exists in Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia rockii, and relevant data are available.
Benzoylpaeoniflorin is a natural terpene glycoside isolated from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. It inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes and inhibits monocyte phagocytosis and the production of TNF-α and PGE-2. The compound shows potential for the treatment of coronary heart disease by decreasing apoptosis through modulation of Bcl-2 and Bax. It also prevents lipid accumulation in hepatocytes through activation of AMPK and down-regulation of lipogenic genes. The compound is not currently approved for clinical use and is available only for research purposes. |
| Molecular Formula |
C30H32O12
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
584.5679
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| Exact Mass |
584.189
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| CAS # |
38642-49-8
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| PubChem CID |
21631106
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
742.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
243.1±26.4 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.6 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.682
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| LogP |
5.55
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
12
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
10
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| Heavy Atom Count |
42
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| Complexity |
1070
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
11
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| SMILES |
C[C@]12C[C@@]3([C@@H]4C[C@]1([C@@]4([C@H](O2)O3)COC(=O)C5=CC=CC=C5)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)COC(=O)C7=CC=CC=C7)O)O)O)O
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| InChi Key |
LATYEZNGPQKAIK-HRCYFWENSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C30H32O12/c1-27-14-29(36)19-12-30(27,28(19,26(41-27)42-29)15-38-24(35)17-10-6-3-7-11-17)40-25-22(33)21(32)20(31)18(39-25)13-37-23(34)16-8-4-2-5-9-16/h2-11,18-22,25-26,31-33,36H,12-15H2,1H3/t18-,19-,20-,21+,22-,25+,26-,27+,28+,29-,30+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-[[(1R,2S,3R,5R,6R,8S)-2-(benzoyloxymethyl)-6-hydroxy-8-methyl-9,10-dioxatetracyclo[4.3.1.02,5.03,8]decan-3-yl]oxy]-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl benzoate
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| Synonyms |
Benzoylpaeoniflorin
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~171.07 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.28 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.7107 mL | 8.5533 mL | 17.1066 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.3421 mL | 1.7107 mL | 3.4213 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1711 mL | 0.8553 mL | 1.7107 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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