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| 50mg |
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| 1g |
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Purity: ≥98%
Azithromycin (also known as CP-62993; XZ-450) is an macrolide antibiotic which acts by inhibiting protein synthesis, and is used for the treatment of bacterial infections. It reduces about 40% of IL-8 mRNA and protein expression in cystic fibrosis (CF) cells reaching the levels of non-CF cells. Azithromycin results in 50% and 70% reduction of NF-kappaB and AP-1 DNA binding, respectively, leading to levels of non-CF cells. It significantly enhances the intensity of a co-stimulatory molecule, CD80, on DCs but not CD86 and CD40 in dendritic cells (DCs).
| ln Vitro |
In primary bronchial epithelial cells from asthmatics, azithromycin (2 μM) increases rhinovirus-induced IFNβ expression. This is linked to over-expression of RIG-I like receptors and suppression of viral multiplication. In asthmatic primary bronchial epithelial cells, azithromycin (2 μM)-enhanced viral-induced IFNβ production is diminished by MDA5 knockdown, but not by RIG-I knockdown[1]. Without altering NF-κB, azithromycin selectively lowers MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels in endotoxin-challenged monocytic THP-1 cells[2].
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| ln Vivo |
Azithromycin (50 mg/kg) has no effect on bronchoalveolar lavage inflammatory markers and LDH levels in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation. Azithromycin produces neither general inflammatory parameters nor LDH release in a mouse model of asthma exacerbation, and augments expression of interferon-stimulated genes and the pattern recognition receptor MDA5 but not RIG-I in aggravating mice[1].
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| Animal Protocol |
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| References |
[1]. Menzel M, et al. Azithromycin augments rhinovirus-induced IFNβ via cytosolic MDA5 in experimental models of asthma exacerbation. Oncotarget. 2017 Mar 18.
[2]. Vandooren J, et al. Differential inhibition of activity, activation and gene expression of MMP-9 in THP-1 cells by azithromycin and minocycline versus bortezomib: A comparative study. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 3;12(4):e0174853 |
| Molecular Formula |
C38H72N2O12
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| Molecular Weight |
748.98
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| CAS # |
83905-01-5
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| Related CAS # |
Azithromycin hydrate;117772-70-0;Azithromycin-d3;163921-65-1;Azithromycin-13C,d3
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@@](C(O[C@@H]([C@@](C)(O)[C@@H]1O)CC)=O)([H])C)O[C@@](O[C@@H](C)[C@@H]2O)([H])C[C@@]2(C)OC)[ C@H]([C@](O)(C[ C@H](CN([C@@H]1C)C)C)C)O[C@@](O[ C@H](C)C[C@@H]3N(C)C)([H])[C@@H]3O
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| Synonyms |
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: 2.5 mg/mL (3.34 mM) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.34 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3351 mL | 6.6757 mL | 13.3515 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2670 mL | 1.3351 mL | 2.6703 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1335 mL | 0.6676 mL | 1.3351 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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