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AZA1

Cat No.:V12018 Purity: ≥98%
AZA1 is a potent inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42.
AZA1
AZA1 Chemical Structure CAS No.: 1071098-42-4
Product category: New1
This product is for research use only, not for human use. We do not sell to patients.
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1mg
5mg
10mg
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Product Description
AZA1 is a potent inhibitor of Rac1 and Cdc42. AZA1 causes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer/tumor cells.
Biological Activity I Assay Protocols (From Reference)
ln Vitro
Human prostate cancer cell 22Rv1 growth is inhibited by AZA1 (Rac1/Cdc42-IN-1) (2-10 μM; 72 hours) [1]. EGF-stimulated 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells exhibit reduced phosphorylation of PAK1, AKT, and BAD upon treatment with AZA1 (2-10 μM; 24 hours) [1]. AZA1 (10 μM; 24 hours) suppresses Rac1- and Cdc42-dependent cell cycle events in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells [1]. AZA1 inhibits the migration of prostate cancer cells PC-3, DU 145, and 22Rv1 that is dependent on Rac1 and Cdc42 [1]. AZA1 suppresses Rac1 and Cdc42 activity through PAK1/2 phosphorylation, consequently altering cell motility and actin rearrangement of prostate cancer cells [1].
ln Vivo
AZA1 (Rac1/Cdc42-IN-1) (100 μg; i.p.; once daily for two weeks) efficiently suppresses the growth of human 22Rv1 xenografts and enhances mouse survival [1].
Cell Assay
Cell Proliferation Assay[1]
Cell Types: 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cell
Tested Concentrations: 2, 5, 10 μM
Incubation Duration: 72 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: Inhibited the proliferation of 22Rv1 Prostate Cancer Cell in unstimulated and EGF-stimulated cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Western Blot Analysis[1]
Cell Types: 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells (EGF stimulated)
Tested Concentrations: 2, 5, 10 μM
Incubation Duration: 24 hrs (hours)
Experimental Results: diminished phosphorylation of PAK1, AKT and BAD in EGF-stimulated 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells.
Animal Protocol
Animal/Disease Models: 5weeks old athymic nu/nu (nude) mice (carrying 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell xenografts) [1]
Doses: 100 μg in 100 µl 30% DMSO one time/day for 2 weeks
Experimental Results: AZA1 The inhibitory effect on tumor growth is significant.
References

[1]. A Rac1/Cdc42 GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor suppresses growth of primary human prostate cancer xenografts and prolongs survival in mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74924. Published 2013 Sep 11.

[2]. Sialylation and glycosylation modulate cell adhesion and invasion to extracellular matrix in human malignant lymphoma: Dependency on integrin and the Rho GTPase family. Int J Oncol. 2015;47(6):2091‐2099.

These protocols are for reference only. InvivoChem does not independently validate these methods.
Physicochemical Properties
Molecular Formula
C22H20N6
Molecular Weight
368.434403419495
Exact Mass
368.174
CAS #
1071098-42-4
PubChem CID
25104141
Appearance
Light brown to brown solid powder
LogP
5
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
4
Rotatable Bond Count
4
Heavy Atom Count
28
Complexity
529
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
SMILES
N1C(C)=CC2C=C(C=CC1=2)NC1C=CN=C(N=1)NC1C=CC2=C(C=1)C=C(C)N2
InChi Key
SYWHWWKOIJCMKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChi Code
InChI=1S/C22H20N6/c1-13-9-15-11-17(3-5-19(15)24-13)26-21-7-8-23-22(28-21)27-18-4-6-20-16(12-18)10-14(2)25-20/h3-12,24-25H,1-2H3,(H2,23,26,27,28)
Chemical Name
2-N,4-N-bis(2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
HS Tariff Code
2934.99.9001
Storage

Powder      -20°C    3 years

                     4°C     2 years

In solvent   -80°C    6 months

                  -20°C    1 month

Shipping Condition
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
Solubility Data
Solubility (In Vitro)
DMSO : ~50 mg/mL (~135.71 mM)
Solubility (In Vivo)
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution.

Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.79 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C,1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution.

 (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.)
Preparing Stock Solutions 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 2.7142 mL 13.5711 mL 27.1422 mL
5 mM 0.5428 mL 2.7142 mL 5.4284 mL
10 mM 0.2714 mL 1.3571 mL 2.7142 mL

*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.

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What volume of a given 10 mM stock solution is required to make 25 ml of a 25 μM solution?
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Note: Chemical formula is case sensitive: C12H18N3O4  c12h18n3o4
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In vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)
Step 1: Enter information below (Recommended: An additional animal to make allowance for loss during the experiment)
Step 2: Enter in vivo formulation (This is only a calculator, not the exact formulation for a specific product. Please contact us first if there is no in vivo formulation in the solubility section.)
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Calculation results

Working concentration mg/mL;

Method for preparing DMSO stock solution mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.

Method for preparing in vivo formulation:Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O,mix and clarify.

(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
             (2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.

Biological Data
  • Compound AZA1 inhibits Rac1 and Cdc42 activation.A, Rac1 B, Cdc42 and C, RhoA activation in 22Rv1, DU145 and PC3 prostate cancer cells after incubation (60 min) with different concentrations of compound AZA1 and stimulation with 50 ng/ml EGF. Means of three independent experiments are shown. *, significantly different from EGF.[1].A Rac1/Cdc42 GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor suppresses growth of primary human prostate cancer xenografts and prolongs survival in mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74924. Published 2013 Sep 11.
  • Effects of Rac1 and Cdc42 inhibition by AZA1 on cell proliferation in 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells.A, Relative density of cancer cells up to 72 h following treatment with 2, 5, and 10 µM compound AZA1 in unstimulated (left panel) or EGF-stimulated (right panel) cancer cells was measured using the WST-1 cell proliferation assay. AZA1 suppresses 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell proliferation in both unstimulated and EGF-stimulated cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Means of three independent experiments are shown. *, significantly different from control (left panel) and from control and EGF-stimulated cells (right panel); +, significantly different from control (right panel);. B, Representative flow cytometry histograms showing cell populations in sub- G0/G1, G0/G1, S and G2/M phases. 22Rv1 cells were incubated with 10 µM AZA1 for 24 h. Control cells received no treatment. Cellular DNA content was analyzed by flow cytometry after staining with propidium iodide. C, Cyclin D1 expression. Representative flow cytometry analysis and quantification of fluorescence intensity in 22Rv1 cells treated with 10 µM AZA1 for 60 min (red histogram) compared to untreated cells (bold line) and isotype controls (thin line). Compound treatment reduced Cyclin D1 levels. *, significantly different vs. control.[1].A Rac1/Cdc42 GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor suppresses growth of primary human prostate cancer xenografts and prolongs survival in mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74924. Published 2013 Sep 11.
  • Rac1 and Cdc42 blockade reduces prostate cancer cell migration and affects cytoskeletal dynamics.A, Representative images of migrated prostate cancer cells from an in vitro migration assay are shown. 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells were stimulated with 50 ng/ml EGF and treated with 2, 5 or 10 µM AZA1 for 24h and migrated cancer cells quantified subsequently in in vitro migration assays. Data were collected from five individual consecutive fields of view (40x) from three replicate Boyden chambers. *, significantly different from control; +, significantly different from control and EGF-stimulated cells. B, Effect of AZA1 treatment on lamellipodia and filopodia formation. 22Rv1 prostate cancer cells were plated on cell culture chambers, stimulated with 50 ng/ml EGF and incubated with 5 and 10 µm AZA1 for 24 h. Paraformaldehyde fixed cells were stained with Atto-488 phalloidin (F-actin, green) to detect polymerized actin cytoskeleton, filopodia and lamellipodia and counterstained with DAPI (blue) and photographed (magnification, x1000). Arrow head indicates filopodia, arrow indicates lamellipodia. The numbers of filopodia and lamellipodia per cell were calculated from 25 cells in each group. AZA1 leads to changes in cellular morphology and suppresses filopodia and lamellipodia formation. *, significantly different from controls; +, significantly different from controls and EGF-stimulated cells; ‡, significantly different from EGF-stimulated cells. Co, control. C, Effect of AZA1 on actin dynamics. Expressions of F-actin and G-actin in 22Rv1, DU 145 and PC-3 cells analyzed by immunoblotting (F-actin/G-actin ratio). Bars represent the F/G actin mean value ±SD. *, significantly different from controls of the respective cell line; +, significantly different from controls and EGF-stimulated cells of the respective cell line.[1].A Rac1/Cdc42 GTPase-specific small molecule inhibitor suppresses growth of primary human prostate cancer xenografts and prolongs survival in mice. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):e74924. Published 2013 Sep 11.
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