| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| Targets |
Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine targets T lymphocytes and modulates inflammatory immune responses. It reduces antigen-induced TNF-α and IFN-γ production in isolated human T cells when used at a concentration of 500 µM. The compound interacts with specific molecular targets and pathways associated with T lymphocyte anergy, regulating inflammatory immune responses. Its mechanism involves modulation of T cell activation and cytokine production.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine reduces antigen-induced TNF-α and IFN-γ production in isolated human T cells at a concentration of 500 µM. The compound modulates inflammatory immune responses and induces T-lymphocyte anergy. It is a cyclic dipeptide derived from the N-terminus of human albumin that regulates inflammatory immune responses. Its activity has been characterized in various immune cell assays including T cell activation and cytokine production studies.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine functions as an immunomodulatory molecule generated by cleavage and cyclization of human albumin. It regulates inflammatory immune responses through molecular pathways associated with T lymphocyte anergy. The compound's immunomodulatory effects suggest potential therapeutic applications in immune-mediated conditions. However, it is primarily used as a research tool to study immune regulation and T cell function.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For non-cell enzyme/receptor binding assays, aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine interactions with immune cell receptors can be assessed using membrane preparations from T cells or other immune cells. Radioligand binding assays or surface plasmon resonance can be employed to study receptor binding. The compound's effects on signaling pathways can be assessed using biochemical assays. Its immunomodulatory properties can be studied using cell-free immune assays.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine is tested in isolated human T cells or other immune cell cultures. Cells are treated with the compound, and cytokine production (TNF-α, IFN-γ, etc.) is measured by ELISA. T cell activation markers are assessed by flow cytometry. The compound's effects on T lymphocyte anergy and immune function are evaluated. Dose-response studies determine the effective concentration for immunomodulatory effects (e.g., 500 µM).
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal experiments, aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine can be administered to animal models of immune-mediated diseases. The compound's immunomodulatory effects are assessed by measuring inflammatory markers and immune cell function. T lymphocyte activation and anergy are evaluated in lymphoid tissues. The compound's potential therapeutic effects in autoimmune and inflammatory conditions can be studied. Pharmacokinetic studies assess the compound's distribution and elimination.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine has a molecular weight of 186.17 g/mol and molecular formula C₇H₁₀N₂O₄. It is a cyclic dipeptide (diketopiperazine) derivative. The compound appears as a solid and should be stored under recommended conditions for stability. It is supplied with high purity (≥98%) for research applications. The compound is soluble in appropriate solvents for in vitro and in vivo studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine is an immunomodulatory compound for research use only. It is not approved for human therapeutic use. The compound's toxicity profile has not been fully characterized. Standard safety precautions for handling immunomodulatory compounds should be followed. The compound should be handled in a laboratory setting with appropriate safety measures. No clinical trials have been conducted for this compound.
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| Additional Infomation |
Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiramate is being investigated in the clinical trial NCT03349645 (an open-label extension study designed to evaluate the safety of long-term use of Ampion for the treatment of severe knee osteoarthritis).
Aspartyl-alanyl-diketopiperazine (DA-DKP) is a cyclic dipeptide immunomodulatory molecule generated by N-terminal cleavage and cyclization of human serum albumin. It regulates inflammatory immune responses and induces T-lymphocyte anergy. The compound is used as a research tool to study immune regulation, T cell function, and inflammatory pathways. No clinical trials have been conducted for this compound as a therapeutic agent. It is available for research purposes only in the study of immunology and inflammation. |
| Molecular Formula |
C7H10N2O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
186.1653
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| Exact Mass |
186.064
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| CAS # |
110954-19-3
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| PubChem CID |
9815453
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| LogP |
-1.4
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
3
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
4
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
13
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| Complexity |
263
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)CC(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
RVLCUCVJZVRNDC-IMJSIDKUSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C7H10N2O4/c1-3-6(12)9-4(2-5(10)11)7(13)8-3/h3-4H,2H2,1H3,(H,8,13)(H,9,12)(H,10,11)/t3-,4-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
2-[(2S,5S)-5-methyl-3,6-dioxopiperazin-2-yl]acetic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~125 mg/mL (~671.43 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.17 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.17 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 20.8 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (11.17 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 5.3714 mL | 26.8572 mL | 53.7143 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.0743 mL | 5.3714 mL | 10.7429 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.5371 mL | 2.6857 mL | 5.3714 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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