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Purity: ≥98%
AS1842856 is a novel potent, orally active and cell-permeable small-molecule inhibitor of Foxo1 (forkhead transcription factor forkhead box O1) with an IC50 of 30 nM. Excessive hepatic glucose production through the gluconeogenesis pathway is partially responsible for the elevated glucose levels observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The forkhead transcription factor forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) plays a crucial role in mediating the effect of insulin on hepatic gluconeogenesis. AS1842856 potently inhibits human Foxo1 transactivation and reduces glucose production through the inhibition of glucose-6 phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA levels in a rat hepatic cell line. Oral administration of AS1842856 to diabetic db/db mice led to a drastic decrease in fasting plasma glucose level via the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenic genes, whereas administration to normal mice had no effect on the fasting plasma glucose level. Treatment with AS1842856 also suppressed an increase in plasma glucose level caused by pyruvate injection in both normal and db/db mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that the Foxo1 inhibitor represents a new class of drugs for use in treating T2DM.
| ln Vitro |
In a rat hepatic cell line, AS1842856 potently inhibits human Foxo1 transactivation and decreases glucose synthesis via inhibiting the amounts of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6 phosphatase mRNA[1]. Following AS1842856 therapy, there is a decrease in p-Akt expression relative to the control group, but there is no discernible difference in the protein expression of FoxO1 and p-FoxO1[2].
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| ln Vivo |
By inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenic genes, oral administration of AS1842856 to diabetic db/db mice causes a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose levels; however, delivery to normal mice has little effect on fasting plasma glucose levels. In both normal and db/db mice, treatment with AS1842856 also reduces an increase in plasma glucose level brought on by pyruvate injection[1].
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| References |
[1]. Nagashima T, et al. Discovery of novel forkhead box O1 inhibitors for treating type 2 diabetes: improvement of fasting glycemia in diabetic db/db mice. Mol Pharmacol. 2010 Nov;78(5):961-70.
[2]. He J, et al. The resistant effect of SIRT1 in oxidative stress-induced senescence of rat nucleus pulposus cell is regulated by Akt-FoxO1 pathway. Biosci Rep. 2019 May 10;39(5). pii: BSR20190112 |
| Molecular Formula |
C18H22FN3O3
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| Molecular Weight |
347.39
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| CAS # |
836620-48-5
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| SMILES |
O=C(C1=CN(CC)C2=C(C(N)=C(F)C(NC3CCCCC3)=C2)C1=O)O
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
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| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 1.67 mg/mL (4.81 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 16.7 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of corn oil and mix evenly. Solubility in Formulation 2: 1 mg/mL (2.88 mM) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), suspension solution; with ultrasonication. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 10.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL of PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL of Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL of normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 1 mg/mL (2.88 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 10 mg/mL (28.79 mM) in 6% HP-β-CD in Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), Suspension solution; with ultrasonication. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.8786 mL | 14.3930 mL | 28.7861 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.5757 mL | 2.8786 mL | 5.7572 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2879 mL | 1.4393 mL | 2.8786 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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