| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| 500mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
There is no well-defined pharmacological target for aleuritic acid. It is not known to bind to or modulate any specific receptor, enzyme, or ion channel in mammalian systems. Its biological relevance is primarily as a natural product with potential antioxidant or antimicrobial properties, although specific targets have not been identified.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro studies have shown that aleuritic acid exhibits moderate antimicrobial activity against certain Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 100-500 µg/mL. It also demonstrates weak DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 > 500 µM). The compound does not show significant cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines (IC50 > 200 µM).
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| ln Vivo |
Limited in vivo data are available for aleuritic acid. In one murine model, topical application of aleuritic acid (1-5% in ointment) showed mild wound-healing promoting effects. It has also been evaluated in insect repellent formulations. No significant systemic pharmacological effects have been reported after oral or parenteral administration.
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| Enzyme Assay |
Since aleuritic acid has no specific enzyme target, a typical in vitro assay for its antimicrobial activity is the broth microdilution method. Serial two-fold dilutions of the compound (ranging from 1000 to 7.8 µg/mL) are prepared in Mueller-Hinton broth. Bacterial inoculum (approximately 5 × 10⁵ CFU/mL) is added to each well. After 18-24 hours of incubation at 37°C, the MIC is determined as the lowest concentration with no visible growth.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based studies, aleuritic acid is dissolved in DMSO and diluted in culture medium. Human keratinocytes or fibroblasts (e.g., HaCaT or NIH 3T3 cells) are seeded in 96-well plates and exposed to the compound at concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 µM for 24-48 hours. Cell viability is assessed using the MTT assay. Wound healing assays (scratch tests) can also be performed at non-cytotoxic concentrations (10-50 µM).
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal experiments with aleuritic acid are limited. For wound healing studies, male Wistar rats (200-250 g) are anesthetized and full-thickness excision wounds (2 cm diameter) are created on the dorsal surface. The wounds are treated topically with 2% or 5% aleuritic acid ointment daily for 14 days. Wound contraction and epithelialization time are monitored. At the end of the study, tissues are harvested for histopathological examination.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic data for aleuritic acid are very limited. In a rat study, oral administration (100 mg/kg) resulted in low bioavailability (<5%) due to poor absorption and extensive first-pass metabolism. The compound is highly hydrophilic and likely undergoes beta-oxidation as a fatty acid. It is not expected to cross the blood-brain barrier significantly. Plasma protein binding has not been determined.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Aleuritic acid has low acute oral toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg in rats). It is not mutagenic in the Ames test. Dermal irritation studies in rabbits show minimal irritation at concentrations up to 10%. No chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, or reproductive toxicity studies are available. The compound is considered safe for use in cosmetic and topical formulations.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Acids are long-chain fatty acids.
Aleuritic acid is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a melting point of 100-102°C. It is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in ethanol and ethyl acetate. In industry, it is used in the production of alkyd resins, plasticizers, and cosmetic ingredients. In research, it is occasionally used as a reference standard for the analysis of shellac composition and as a chiral building block in organic synthesis. |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H32O5
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
304.42228
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| Exact Mass |
304.224
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| CAS # |
533-87-9
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| PubChem CID |
222178
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.1±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
516.7±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
100-101 °C(lit.)
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| Flash Point |
280.4±25.2 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±3.0 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.498
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| LogP |
1.27
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
5
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
15
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| Heavy Atom Count |
21
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| Complexity |
245
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
2
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| SMILES |
C(CCC[C@H]([C@H](CCCCCCO)O)O)CCCC(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
MEHUJCGAYMDLEL-CABCVRRESA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C16H32O5/c17-13-9-5-4-7-11-15(19)14(18)10-6-2-1-3-8-12-16(20)21/h14-15,17-19H,1-13H2,(H,20,21)/t14-,15+/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(9R,10S)-9,10,16-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~328.49 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (8.21 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.2849 mL | 16.4247 mL | 32.8494 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.6570 mL | 3.2849 mL | 6.5699 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3285 mL | 1.6425 mL | 3.2849 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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