| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 500mg |
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| 1g |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ademetionine disulfate tosylate functions as the principal biological methyl donor in mammalian cells. It serves as a cofactor in transmethylation reactions catalyzed by methyltransferases, transferring its methyl group to various acceptor molecules including nucleic acids, proteins, phospholipids, and neurotransmitters. The compound also acts as a precursor in the biosynthesis of polyamines (spermidine and spermine) and as a source of sulfhydryl groups for the synthesis of cysteine, glutathione, and other sulfur-containing compounds. In the liver, ademetionine plays a critical role in maintaining hepatocellular function and integrity. Its anti-inflammatory activity is thought to contribute to its therapeutic effects in chronic liver disease. The compound does not act through a conventional receptor target but rather through its essential biochemical functions in cellular metabolism.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Ademetionine disulfate tosylate is used as a research tool to study methylation reactions and cellular metabolism. As the major biological methyl donor, it is employed in methyltransferase assays to measure enzyme activity. The compound demonstrates anti-inflammatory activity in cell culture models, reducing markers of inflammation in hepatocytes and other cell types. It has been shown to protect liver cells from various forms of injury, including oxidative stress and toxin-induced damage. In biochemical assays, the compound serves as a substrate for methyltransferases, and the transfer of the methyl group to acceptor molecules can be quantified using radiolabeled (¹⁴C-methyl or ³H-methyl) ademetionine. The compound also plays a role in glutathione synthesis, contributing to cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Ademetionine disulfate tosylate has been studied for its therapeutic effects in chronic liver disease. As a methyl donor and precursor for glutathione synthesis, the compound supports liver function and protects against hepatocellular injury. Animal studies have demonstrated its hepatoprotective effects in models of cholestasis, alcoholic liver disease, and drug-induced liver injury. The compound also exhibits antidepressant effects in animal models, consistent with its role in neurotransmitter methylation. Its anti-inflammatory activity contributes to its therapeutic benefits in various inflammatory conditions. However, comprehensive in vivo efficacy data for the disulfate tosylate salt form specifically are not extensively documented in the public literature, as the active moiety is ademetionine itself.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For in vitro enzyme assays, Ademetionine disulfate tosylate is used as a substrate in methyltransferase activity measurements. The compound is incubated with the methyltransferase enzyme of interest, the acceptor substrate (e.g., DNA, RNA, protein, or small molecule), and reaction buffer containing appropriate cofactors. The reaction is initiated by adding the compound, and after incubation, the methylated product is quantified. For radiolabeled assays, [methyl-¹⁴C] or [methyl-³H] ademetionine is used, and the incorporation of radioactivity into the acceptor substrate is measured by scintillation counting. For non-radioactive assays, the formation of S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the demethylated product, can be measured by HPLC or LC-MS/MS. The compound's stability in the assay buffer should be confirmed, as ademetionine is known to be unstable in solution.
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| Cell Assay |
For in vitro cell-based assays, hepatocytes or other cell types are cultured in appropriate media and treated with Ademetionine disulfate tosylate at various concentrations. The compound's effects on cellular methylation status are assessed by measuring global DNA methylation, protein methylation, or specific methylated metabolites. Its hepatoprotective effects are evaluated by exposing cells to toxic agents (e.g., ethanol, acetaminophen, or bile acids) in the presence of the compound, and cell viability, oxidative stress markers, and glutathione levels are measured. Anti-inflammatory activity is assessed by measuring cytokine production (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6) in activated macrophages or hepatocytes. The compound's effects on polyamine biosynthesis and cellular proliferation can also be studied.
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo animal studies, Ademetionine disulfate tosylate is typically administered orally or intravenously. In models of liver injury, such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced hepatotoxicity or bile duct ligation-induced cholestasis, animals are treated with the compound prior to or following the hepatotoxic insult. Liver function is assessed by measuring serum ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin levels. Liver histopathology is examined for necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Hepatic glutathione levels and markers of oxidative stress are measured. In models of depression, the compound is administered and behavioral tests (e.g., forced swim test, tail suspension test) are performed. The compound's pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution can also be evaluated.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Pharmacokinetic properties of Ademetionine disulfate tosylate are derived from ademetionine, the active moiety. After oral administration, ademetionine is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. Bioavailability is limited, and the compound is typically administered parenterally in clinical settings for maximal efficacy. In the body, ademetionine is rapidly utilized in transmethylation reactions, and its half-life is relatively short. The compound is distributed to various tissues, with the highest concentrations found in the liver. It is metabolized to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), which is further hydrolyzed to homocysteine and adenosine. The compound is excreted in urine and feces. The disulfate tosylate salt form is designed to improve stability and solubility for pharmaceutical use.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Ademetionine disulfate tosylate is generally recognized as safe at therapeutic doses. However, the compound can cause gastrointestinal side effects including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In rare cases, it may cause anxiety, insomnia, or mania in susceptible individuals. The compound should be used with caution in patients with bipolar disorder. The disulfate tosylate salt may be irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be observed when handling the compound. The compound is not intended for human use in research settings and should be used only by qualified personnel.
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| Additional Infomation |
Ademetionine (SAMe) is a naturally occurring compound with established therapeutic applications. The disulfate tosylate salt form is used in pharmaceutical formulations for the treatment of chronic liver disease, cholestasis, and depression. It is available as a prescription drug in some countries and as a dietary supplement in others. The compound's role as the principal biological methyl donor makes it essential for numerous cellular processes. Its hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities have been well documented in clinical studies. The compound is also being investigated for potential applications in neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, and other conditions involving impaired methylation or oxidative stress. The disulfate tosylate salt form is preferred for pharmaceutical use due to its improved stability compared to other salt forms.
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| Molecular Formula |
C15H23N6O5S+.C7H7O3S-.H2O7S2
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| Molecular Weight |
748.78068
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| Exact Mass |
766.091
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| CAS # |
97540-22-2
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| Appearance |
White to light yellow solid powder
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| LogP |
1.203
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| SMILES |
S(C1C=CC(C)=CC=1)(O)(=O)=O.S(O)(O)(=O)=O.O[C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](C[S+](C)CC[C@H](N)C(=O)O)O[C@H]1N1C=NC2C(=NC=NC1=2)N)O.S(O)([O-])(=O)=O
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ≥ 50 mg/mL (~65.21 mM)
H2O : ~33.33 mg/mL (~43.47 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.26 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 100 mg/mL (130.41 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3355 mL | 6.6775 mL | 13.3551 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2671 mL | 1.3355 mL | 2.6710 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1336 mL | 0.6678 mL | 1.3355 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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