| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 25mg | |||
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| Targets |
The primary antibacterial targets of Acorafloxacin are bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. As a fluoroquinolone, it inhibits these essential enzymes, which are critical for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. By binding to these targets, the compound stabilizes enzyme-DNA complexes, leading to the accumulation of double-strand breaks and subsequent bacterial cell death. Its activity against MRSA suggests it may have a distinct binding profile or affinity for the mutated forms of these enzymes found in resistant strains, making it a promising candidate for treating infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria.
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| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Acorafloxacin demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogens. It exhibits a mean MIC₉₀ value of 0.12 mg/L against numerous Gram-positive bacteria. Its antibacterial effect is achieved through the inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. The compound's in vitro activity has been characterized against various clinically relevant isolates, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), showing its potential to overcome resistance mechanisms that limit other antibiotics. These in vitro studies confirm its broad-spectrum efficacy.
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| ln Vivo |
In vivo, Acorafloxacin has been evaluated in animal models of infection. Its primary application is in the research of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia. The compound's efficacy in these models supports its clinical development as a novel antibacterial agent. Its favorable pharmacokinetic properties, including good tissue penetration, contribute to its in vivo activity. Further details on its in vivo efficacy in specific animal models are available from the primary research literature.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro enzyme/receptor binding studies for Acorafloxacin focus on its inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase. These assays typically measure the compound's ability to inhibit the supercoiling and relaxation activities of these enzymes. The IC₅₀ values against the target enzymes are determined from dose-response curves. These protocols are for research purposes only and require independent validation.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays for Acorafloxacin evaluate its antibacterial activity against a panel of bacterial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is determined using standard broth microdilution or agar dilution methods according to CLSI guidelines. Bacterial cultures are treated with serial two-fold dilutions of the compound, and the MIC is recorded as the lowest concentration that inhibits visible growth after 18-24 hours of incubation. These assays are performed to characterize the compound's spectrum of activity and potency.
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| Animal Protocol |
In vivo animal studies for Acorafloxacin typically utilize mouse models of bacterial infection, such as those for skin and soft tissue infections or pneumonia. The compound is administered via oral or parenteral routes. Efficacy is assessed by monitoring survival, bacterial load in target tissues, and clinical signs of infection. Pharmacokinetic studies are often conducted alongside efficacy studies to correlate drug exposure with antibacterial effect. All procedures must comply with institutional animal care guidelines.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
The pharmacokinetic properties of Acorafloxacin have been characterized in preclinical studies. It is formulated in DMSO for research purposes. The compound is stable for >2 years if stored properly, with recommended storage conditions of dry, dark, and 0-4°C for short-term storage or -20°C for long-term storage. Detailed parameters such as half-life, Cmax, and bioavailability would be available from published preclinical studies.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
The toxicity profile of Acorafloxacin is consistent with that of other fluoroquinolone antibiotics. As a research compound, it is classified for non-human use only. Potential adverse effects may include gastrointestinal disturbances, central nervous system effects, and tendon-related issues, which are common to this class of antibiotics. Standard safety precautions for handling potent antibacterial agents should be followed.
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| Additional Infomation |
Aclafloxacin belongs to the quinoline class of drugs.
Additional information: Acorafloxacin is also known as Avarofloxacin, JNJ-Q2, and JNJ-32729463. Its molecular structure features an aminoethylidenylpiperidine moiety. The compound is soluble in DMSO but not in water. It is available as a free base (CAS# 878592-87-1) and as hydrochloride (CAS# 1001162-01-1) and TFA (CAS# 1160946-14-4) salts. This product is for research use only and is not approved for clinical or therapeutic applications. |
| Molecular Formula |
C21H23F2N3O4
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
419.4288
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| Exact Mass |
419.166
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| Elemental Analysis |
C, 60.14; H, 5.53; F, 9.06; N, 10.02; O, 15.26
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| CAS # |
878592-87-1
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| Related CAS # |
878592-87-1;1001162-01-1 (HCl);1160946-14-4 (TFA);
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| PubChem CID |
11546234
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| Appearance |
Solid powder
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| LogP |
3.73
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
9
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
5
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| Heavy Atom Count |
30
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| Complexity |
782
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| SMILES |
COC1=C2C(=CC(=C1N3CCC/C(=C(/CN)\F)/C3)F)C(=O)C(=CN2C4CC4)C(=O)O
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| InChi Key |
VMKVDAAFMQKZJS-LFIBNONCSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C21H23F2N3O4/c1-30-20-17-13(19(27)14(21(28)29)10-26(17)12-4-5-12)7-15(22)18(20)25-6-2-3-11(9-25)16(23)8-24/h7,10,12H,2-6,8-9,24H2,1H3,(H,28,29)/b16-11+
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| Chemical Name |
(E)-7-(3-(2-amino-1-fluoroethylidene)piperidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid
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| Synonyms |
JNJ-32729463 JNJ-32729463-AAA JNJ 32729463 JNJ32729463JNJ32729463-AAA JNJ-Q2 Acorafloxacin AvarofloxacinJNJ 32729463-AAA
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~238.42 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.96 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.96 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (5.96 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 2.3842 mL | 11.9209 mL | 23.8419 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.4768 mL | 2.3842 mL | 4.7684 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.2384 mL | 1.1921 mL | 2.3842 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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