| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 1mg |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| Other Sizes |
| Targets |
Ac-YVAD-AFC targets caspase-1 and caspase-4. It is a substrate that is specifically cleaved by these enzymes. Upon cleavage, the AFC fluorophore is released, producing a detectable fluorescent signal.
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|---|---|
| ln Vitro |
In vitro, Ac-YVAD-AFC is used to measure caspase-1 activity. The substrate is cleaved by caspase-1, releasing free AFC, which can be quantified by fluorescence detection. It has excitation and emission wavelengths of 400 nm and 505 nm, respectively.
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| ln Vivo |
Ac-YVAD-AFC is not used as a therapeutic agent. Its primary application is as a research tool for measuring caspase-1 activity in vitro.
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| Enzyme Assay |
In vitro non-cell-based assays for Ac-YVAD-AFC involve incubating the substrate with purified caspase-1 enzyme. The increase in fluorescence over time is measured to determine the enzyme's activity. The assay can be used to study caspase-1 kinetics or to screen for inhibitors.
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| Cell Assay |
In vitro cell-based assays using Ac-YVAD-AFC are performed to measure caspase-1 activity in cell lysates. Cells are treated with stimuli to activate caspase-1, and the lysates are incubated with the substrate. The fluorescence signal is proportional to caspase-1 activity.
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| Animal Protocol |
Ac-YVAD-AFC is not typically used for in vivo animal experiments. Its application is in in vitro enzyme activity assays.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Ac-YVAD-AFC has a molecular weight of 719.66 g/mol and the formula C33H36F3N5O10. It has an excitation wavelength of 400 nm and an emission wavelength of 505 nm. Its purity is typically 98%.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Ac-YVAD-AFC is a substrate for caspase-1 and is not intended for therapeutic use. It is handled with standard laboratory safety precautions.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin is a tetrapeptide formed by the condensation of the C-terminal carboxyl group of Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp with the amino group of 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin. It is a protease inhibitor. It is a tetrapeptide belonging to the acetamide, coumarin, and organofluorine compounds classes. Its function is related to 7-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin.
Ac-YVAD-AFC is a fluorogenic substrate used to assess caspase-1 activity. It is used in apoptosis and inflammation research. It is intended for research use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C33H36F3N5O10
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
719.6617
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| Exact Mass |
719.241
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| CAS # |
219137-85-6
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| PubChem CID |
16760708
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
1084.6±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Flash Point |
609.8±34.3 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±0.3 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.586
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| LogP |
3.1
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
7
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
13
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
14
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| Heavy Atom Count |
51
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| Complexity |
1360
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)NC1=CC2=C(C=C1)C(=CC(=O)O2)C(F)(F)F)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)NC(=O)C
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| InChi Key |
GWKJISJKNKIJNP-DEQDFGQZSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C33H36F3N5O10/c1-15(2)28(41-31(49)23(38-17(4)42)11-18-5-8-20(43)9-6-18)32(50)37-16(3)29(47)40-24(14-26(44)45)30(48)39-19-7-10-21-22(33(34,35)36)13-27(46)51-25(21)12-19/h5-10,12-13,15-16,23-24,28,43H,11,14H2,1-4H3,(H,37,50)(H,38,42)(H,39,48)(H,40,47)(H,41,49)(H,44,45)/t16-,23-,24-,28-/m0/s1
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| Chemical Name |
(3S)-3-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-acetamido-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-4-oxo-4-[[2-oxo-4-(trifluoromethyl)chromen-7-yl]amino]butanoic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment (e.g. under nitrogen), avoid exposure to moisture and light. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~138.95 mM)
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|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (3.47 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 1.3895 mL | 6.9477 mL | 13.8955 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.2779 mL | 1.3895 mL | 2.7791 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.1390 mL | 0.6948 mL | 1.3895 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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