| Size | Price | |
|---|---|---|
| Other Sizes |
| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
...binds to cytosine residues in RNA, to deoxycytosine residues in DNA in vitro, and to cytosine and deoxycytosine nucleosides. |
|---|---|
| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Non-Human Toxicity Values
Oral LD50 in mice: 225 mg/kg Intraperitoneal LD50 in mice: 145 mg/kg Subcutaneous LD50 in mice: 167 mg/kg |
| References |
[1]. Adam Becalski, et al. Semicarbazide Formation in Azodicarbonamide-Treated Flour: A Model Study. J Agric Food Chem. 2004 Sep 8;52(18):5730-4.
|
| Additional Infomation |
Snow-white crystals. Used as a reagent for ketones and aldehydes, it produces crystalline compounds with characteristic melting points. (EPA, 1998)
Aminourea hydrochloride is an organic molecular entity. Mechanism of ActionAminourea is a hydrazine derivative that is carcinogenic in mice, but has shown little or no mutagenicity in Salmonella microsomal assays. To elucidate whether the genotoxic mechanism leads to the non-mutagenic carcinogenicity of aminourea,… 32P-5'-tagged DNA fragments obtained from the c-Ha-ras-1 proto-oncogene and the p53 tumor suppressor gene were investigated to study aminourea-induced DNA damage. In the presence of Cu(II), aminourea frequently causes DNA damage at thymine and cytosine residues. Catalase and bartophenone partially inhibited DNA damage, indicating that hydrogen peroxide and Cu(I) are involved in DNA damage. High concentrations of aminourea in the presence of catalase induce DNA damage, particularly at the G site in the 5'-AG sequence, and less so at the 5'-G sites in the GG and GGG sequences. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy confirmed that aminourea reacts with Cu(II) to generate carbamoyl radicals (·CONH2), which may originate from the nitrogen-centered radicals of aminourea. Azodicarbonamide also generates carbamoyl radicals and frequently induces DNA damage at the 5'-G sites in the GG and GGG sequences, indicating that carbamoyl radicals are involved in this sequence-specific DNA damage induced by aminourea. Based on previous reports, the sequence-specific DNA damage at the G site in the 5'-AG sequence in this study was caused by nitrogen-centered radicals. This study shows that aminourea induces DNA damage in the presence of Cu(II) by generating hydrogen peroxide and Cu(I). Furthermore, aminourea-derived radicals are also involved in DNA damage. The DNA damage induced by these active substances may be related to the carcinogenicity of aminourea. |
| Molecular Formula |
CH6CLN3O
|
|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
111.5308
|
| Exact Mass |
111.019
|
| CAS # |
563-41-7
|
| Related CAS # |
57-56-7 (Parent)
|
| PubChem CID |
11236
|
| Appearance |
Prisms from dilute alcohol
White crystals |
| Density |
1.286g/cm3
|
| Boiling Point |
235.3ºC at 760 mmHg
|
| Melting Point |
175-177 °C (dec.)(lit.)
|
| Flash Point |
66.5ºC
|
| Vapour Pressure |
0.0407mmHg at 25°C
|
| LogP |
1.121
|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
|
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
2
|
| Rotatable Bond Count |
0
|
| Heavy Atom Count |
6
|
| Complexity |
42.2
|
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
|
| SMILES |
Cl[H].O=C(N([H])[H])N([H])N([H])[H]
|
| InChi Key |
XHQYBDSXTDXSHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
|
| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/CH5N3O.ClH/c2-1(5)4-3;/h3H2,(H3,2,4,5);1H
|
| Chemical Name |
aminourea;hydrochloride
|
| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
|
| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month Note: Please store this product in a sealed and protected environment, avoid exposure to moisture. |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
|
| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : 100 mg/mL (896.62 mM)
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (896.62 mM) |
|---|---|
| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (22.42 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (22.42 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. View More
Solubility in Formulation 3: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (22.42 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% Corn Oil (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 4: 50 mg/mL (448.31 mM) in PBS (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution; with ultrasonication. |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 8.9662 mL | 44.8310 mL | 89.6620 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.7932 mL | 8.9662 mL | 17.9324 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.8966 mL | 4.4831 mL | 8.9662 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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