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| Targets |
DL-Pyroglutamic acid does not have a specific biological target in the context of drug development. It is a naturally occurring metabolite and a cyclized form of glutamic acid. Pyroglutamic acid is formed from glutamic acid through the removal of water and is involved in the gamma-glutamyl cycle. It is also known as 5-oxoproline. The compound is used as a research reagent and as a building block in peptide synthesis.
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| ln Vitro |
DL-Pyroglutamic acid results 50 and 100%, respectively, inactivation of the antigen at 0.01-0.025% and 0.025-0.05%[1]. According to Druce and Bradford, DL-pyroglutamic acid may be a glutamate antagonist since it inhibits the glutamate miniature-end-plate potential in locust muscle [2].
In vitro, DL-Pyroglutamic acid is used as a research reagent and as a building block in peptide synthesis. It is a naturally occurring metabolite that has been found in E. aureum. The compound is used in biochemical research to study the gamma-glutamyl cycle and amino acid metabolism. No detailed IC50 or EC50 values have been published in the available literature. |
| ln Vivo |
DL-Pyroglutamic acid (0.775 mM/L) cobalt implantation in the sensorimotor cerebral cortex completely eliminates the myoclonic jerks and EEG spikes in rats model of epilepsy[2].
No detailed in vivo activity data has been published for DL-Pyroglutamic acid as a therapeutic agent. The compound is a naturally occurring metabolite and is used as a research reagent. It is not intended for therapeutic use. Its physiological roles include involvement in the gamma-glutamyl cycle and amino acid metabolism. |
| Enzyme Assay |
The purity and identity of DL-Pyroglutamic acid can be assessed using various analytical techniques. In a typical analysis, the compound is characterized by HPLC, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The purity is typically ≥98% by HPLC and ≥99% by neutralization titration. The melting point is 182-186°C. The compound's identity can be confirmed by comparison with reference standards.
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| Cell Assay |
DL-Pyroglutamic acid is used in cell culture and biochemical research. The compound is used as a supplement in cell culture media to study amino acid metabolism. It is also used as a building block in peptide synthesis. Its effects on cell viability and metabolism can be assessed using standard cell culture assays.
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| Animal Protocol |
No detailed in vivo animal model data has been published for DL-Pyroglutamic acid as a therapeutic agent. The compound is a naturally occurring metabolite and is used as a research reagent. It is not intended for therapeutic use. Its safety and efficacy have been established through extensive use as a research reagent.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
No detailed pharmacokinetic data has been published for DL-Pyroglutamic acid. The compound has a molecular weight of 129.11 and a molecular formula of C5H7NO3. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. As a naturally occurring metabolite, pyroglutamic acid is involved in the gamma-glutamyl cycle and is metabolized to glutamic acid.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
No detailed toxicity data has been published for DL-Pyroglutamic acid. The compound is a naturally occurring metabolite and is generally considered to be safe for research use. It is not intended for therapeutic use. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling the compound.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
5-O-proline is an oxoproline with its oxo group located at the 5-position. It is an intermediate metabolite in the glutathione cycle and plays a role in human metabolism. It is a pyrrolidine monocarboxylic acid, belonging to the pyrrolidine-2-one class of compounds, and is also an oxoproline. It is the conjugate acid of 5-oxoproline. DL-pyroglutamate has been reported to exist in Drosophila melanogaster, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and other organisms with relevant data. It is a cyclized derivative of L-glutamate. Elevated levels of DL-pyroglutamate in the blood may be associated with abnormal glutamine or glutathione metabolism.
DL-Pyroglutamic acid (DL-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, CAS# 149-87-1) is a cyclized form of glutamic acid that exists as a racemic mixture. It is found naturally in E. aureum and is a metabolite of glutamic acid. The compound has the molecular formula C5H7NO3 and a molecular weight of 129.11. It appears as a white powder to crystal and is soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone. The compound has a purity of ≥98% by HPLC and ≥99% by neutralization titration. DL-Pyroglutamic acid is used as a research reagent and as a building block in peptide synthesis. |
| Molecular Formula |
C5H7NO3
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
129.11
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| Exact Mass |
129.042
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| CAS # |
149-87-1
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| Related CAS # |
DL-Pyroglutamic acid-d5;352431-30-2
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| PubChem CID |
499
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| Appearance |
White to off-white solid powder
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| Density |
1.4±0.1 g/cm3
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| Boiling Point |
453.1±38.0 °C at 760 mmHg
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| Melting Point |
180-185ºC
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| Flash Point |
227.8±26.8 °C
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| Vapour Pressure |
0.0±2.4 mmHg at 25°C
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| Index of Refraction |
1.512
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| LogP |
-2.39
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
2
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
3
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
1
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| Heavy Atom Count |
9
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| Complexity |
154
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
0
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| InChi Key |
ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C5H7NO3/c7-4-2-1-3(6-4)5(8)9/h3H,1-2H2,(H,6,7)(H,8,9)
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| Chemical Name |
5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (774.53 mM)
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (19.36 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 +5% Tween-80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 + to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 7.7453 mL | 38.7267 mL | 77.4533 mL | |
| 5 mM | 1.5491 mL | 7.7453 mL | 15.4907 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.7745 mL | 3.8727 mL | 7.7453 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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