| Size | Price | Stock | Qty |
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| 5mg |
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| 10mg |
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| 50mg |
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| 100mg |
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| 250mg |
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| Targets |
4-Thiouridine targets RNA by incorporating into RNA during transcription. It is a photoactive ribonucleoside analog that absorbs light at wavelengths longer than 320 nm. Upon UV irradiation, 4-thiouridine forms covalent crosslinks with nearby RNA molecules or RNA-binding proteins, enabling the study of RNA-protein interactions and RNA-RNA interactions. It also inhibits rRNA synthesis at higher concentrations (≥50 µM), causing nucleolar stress responses.
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| ln Vitro |
4-Thiouridine (0–10 μM) labels and suppresses emerging rRNA without moderating rRNA synthesis in a substantial way [1]. 4-Thiouridine (≥50 μM) significantly suppresses the synthesis and processing of rRNA [1].
In vitro, 4-thiouridine (0-10 µM) labels and purifies nascent rRNA without significantly affecting rRNA synthesis. At concentrations ≥50 µM, it strongly inhibits production and processing of rRNA. The compound is incorporated into newly synthesized RNA, allowing for the purification and identification of nascent transcripts using biotinylation and streptavidin capture methods. It is widely used for RNA metabolic labeling, RNA-protein crosslinking, and studying RNA dynamics in various cell types. |
| ln Vivo |
In vivo, 4-thiouridine has been used in animal models for RNA labeling studies. It can be administered to organisms to label newly synthesized RNA, allowing for the study of RNA dynamics, turnover, and tissue-specific gene expression. However, its use in vivo is limited by potential toxicity and the need for UV irradiation for crosslinking. The compound is primarily used as a research tool for studying RNA biology in cell culture systems rather than as a therapeutic agent.
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| Enzyme Assay |
For RNA labeling experiments, cells are cultured and treated with 4-thiouridine at concentrations of 10-100 µM for 0.5-4 hours. Total RNA is extracted, and 4-thiouridine-labeled RNA is biotinylated using a thiol-reactive biotinylation reagent (such as EZ-Link HPDP-Biotin). Biotinylated RNA is then captured on streptavidin beads for purification. The labeled RNA can be analyzed by RNA-seq to identify newly synthesized transcripts.
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| Cell Assay |
For RNA-protein crosslinking experiments, cells are treated with 4-thiouridine, then exposed to UV light at 365 nm for 5-10 minutes. UV irradiation induces covalent crosslinks between 4-thiouridine-labeled RNA and interacting proteins. Cells are lysed, and RNA-protein complexes are immunoprecipitated using antibodies against the protein of interest. Crosslinked RNA is then identified by RT-PCR or sequencing (CLIP-seq or PAR-CLIP).
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| Animal Protocol |
For in vivo RNA labeling studies, 4-thiouridine can be administered to animals via intraperitoneal injection at doses of 10-100 mg/kg. After a labeling period (typically 1-4 hours), tissues are collected, and RNA is extracted. 4-thiouridine-labeled RNA is purified using biotinylation and streptavidin capture as described for cell culture experiments. This allows for the study of tissue-specific RNA synthesis and turnover in vivo.
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| ADME/Pharmacokinetics |
4-Thiouridine is a photoactive ribonucleoside analog that incorporates into RNA during transcription. It is soluble in water and DMSO. The compound should be protected from light during handling and storage to prevent premature photochemical reactions. Storage is recommended at -20°C for long-term stability. Standard laboratory safety precautions should be followed when handling this compound.
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| Toxicity/Toxicokinetics |
Toxicological data for 4-thiouridine have been reported in the context of its use as a research tool. At concentrations used for RNA labeling (10-100 µM), the compound is generally well-tolerated by cells for short-term experiments. At higher concentrations (≥50 µM), it inhibits rRNA synthesis and causes nucleolar stress. The compound is for research use only and is not intended for human or veterinary use. Standard safety precautions should be followed.
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| References | |
| Additional Infomation |
4-Thiouridine is a thiouridine in which the oxygen at the C-4 position is replaced by sulfur. It can be used as an affinity marker and an antimetabolite. It is a thiouridine and nucleoside analog. 4-Thiouridine has been reported in Streptomyces libani, and relevant data are available. It is a photoactivated uridine analog and can be used as an affinity marker.
4-Thiouridine (4-SU) is a photoactivatable ribonucleoside analog used for RNA analysis, including short-range RNA-RNA crosslinking and nascent RNA labeling. It inhibits rRNA synthesis and causes nucleolar stress response at ≥50 µM. The compound incorporates into RNA during transcription and forms covalent crosslinks upon UV irradiation. 4-Thiouridine is a research tool for studying RNA biology and is not approved for clinical use. |
| Molecular Formula |
C9H12N2O5S
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|---|---|
| Molecular Weight |
260.2670
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| Exact Mass |
260.046
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| CAS # |
13957-31-8
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| PubChem CID |
3032615
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| Appearance |
White to yellow solid powder
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| Density |
1.7±0.1 g/cm3
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| Melting Point |
139-140℃ (ethanol )
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| Index of Refraction |
1.733
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| LogP |
-0.21
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| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
4
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| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
6
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| Rotatable Bond Count |
2
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| Heavy Atom Count |
17
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| Complexity |
374
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| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count |
4
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| SMILES |
C1=CN(C(=O)NC1=S)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O
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| InChi Key |
ZLOIGESWDJYCTF-XVFCMESISA-N
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| InChi Code |
InChI=1S/C9H12N2O5S/c12-3-4-6(13)7(14)8(16-4)11-2-1-5(17)10-9(11)15/h1-2,4,6-8,12-14H,3H2,(H,10,15,17)/t4-,6-,7-,8-/m1/s1
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| Chemical Name |
1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-4-sulfanylidenepyrimidin-2-one
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| HS Tariff Code |
2934.99.9001
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| Storage |
Powder -20°C 3 years 4°C 2 years In solvent -80°C 6 months -20°C 1 month |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature (This product is stable at ambient temperature for a few days during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs)
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| Solubility (In Vitro) |
H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL (~384.22 mM)
DMSO : ~100 mg/mL (~384.22 mM) |
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| Solubility (In Vivo) |
Solubility in Formulation 1: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.61 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 40% PEG300 + 5% Tween80 + 45% Saline (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution.
For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 400 μL PEG300 and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 to the above solution and mix evenly; then add 450 μL normal saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL. Preparation of saline: Dissolve 0.9 g of sodium chloride in 100 mL ddH₂ O to obtain a clear solution. Solubility in Formulation 2: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (9.61 mM) (saturation unknown) in 10% DMSO + 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline) (add these co-solvents sequentially from left to right, and one by one), clear solution. For example, if 1 mL of working solution is to be prepared, you can add 100 μL of 25.0 mg/mL clear DMSO stock solution to 900 μL of 20% SBE-β-CD physiological saline solution and mix evenly. Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C，1 week): Dissolve 2 g SBE-β-CD in 10 mL saline to obtain a clear solution. (Please use freshly prepared in vivo formulations for optimal results.) |
| Preparing Stock Solutions | 1 mg | 5 mg | 10 mg | |
| 1 mM | 3.8422 mL | 19.2108 mL | 38.4216 mL | |
| 5 mM | 0.7684 mL | 3.8422 mL | 7.6843 mL | |
| 10 mM | 0.3842 mL | 1.9211 mL | 3.8422 mL |
*Note: Please select an appropriate solvent for the preparation of stock solution based on your experiment needs. For most products, DMSO can be used for preparing stock solutions (e.g. 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM concentration); some products with high aqueous solubility may be dissolved in water directly. Solubility information is available at the above Solubility Data section. Once the stock solution is prepared, aliquot it to routine usage volumes and store at -20°C or -80°C. Avoid repeated freeze and thaw cycles.
Calculation results
Working concentration： mg/mL；
Method for preparing DMSO stock solution： mg drug pre-dissolved in μL DMSO (stock solution concentration mg/mL). Please contact us first if the concentration exceeds the DMSO solubility of the batch of drug.
Method for preparing in vivo formulation:：Take μL DMSO stock solution, next add μL PEG300, mix and clarify, next addμL Tween 80, mix and clarify, next add μL ddH2O，mix and clarify.
(1) Please be sure that the solution is clear before the addition of next solvent. Dissolution methods like vortex, ultrasound or warming and heat may be used to aid dissolving.
(2) Be sure to add the solvent(s) in order.
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